The long noncoding RNA HOXA11 antisense RNA (HOXA11-AS) was recently discovered in a mouse embryo cDNA library using the probe from the sense HOXA11 cDNA sequence. Since then, it has been found to play important roles in human cervical cancer, gastric cancer, and gliomas. HOXA11-AS can promote tumor malignancy (i.e.,proliferation and metastasis) by interacting with various miRNAs and proteins such as EZH2, providing new potential routes for the potential treatment of cancers.