Alkaloids are a class of nitrogen-containing alkaloids, which have many physiological activities, such asanti-tumor, and hypoglycemic effects. At present, the main alkaloids that can alleviate or delay the process of diabeticnephropathy in experimental animals include pyridine derivatives, pyrrolidine derivatives, scopolamine derivatives,isoquinoline derivatives, pyridine derivatives, isoquinoline derivatives, pyrazine derivatives, organic amines, and terpenealkaloids. Common alkaloids are berberine, ligustrazine, anisodamine, betaine, matrine, and colchicine, among others.Alkaloids have a variety of mechanisms for renal protection, including regulating oxidative stress, improving insulin resistance, reducing the infiltration of inflammatory factors, and downregulating or increasing the expression of related factors.