Long non-coding RNA ( lncRNA) is RNA that is >200 bp long and regulates gene expression at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional and translational levels. Dysfunction of lncRNA is closely related to the pathological processes of many diseases, including nervous system diseases. Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent degradation pathway in eukaryotic cells that plays an important role in cell growth, development, senescence and maintenance of intracellular homeostasis. Recent studies have confirmed that lncRNA plays an important role in the occurrence and development of nervous system diseases, and regulation of autophagy by lncRNA is an important topic; however, the specific mechanisms of this regulation remain unclear. This paper reviews the molecular mechanisms of lncRNA regulation in autophagy and its related research progress concerning nervous system diseases to provide a theoretical and experimental basis for further studying the pathogenesis and drug treatment strategies of nervous system diseases.