Objective To provide a reference for basic experiments by studying and comparing the characteristics of body temperature changes in rabbit fever models induced by injection of various concentrations of dry yeast and lipopolysaccharide. Methods Thirty 2-month-old male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into five groups: a normal group, two groups injected with 10% or 20% dry yeast suspension, and two groups injected with 0. 2 or 0. 5 μg / mL lipopolysaccharide solution with six rabbits in each group. The anal temperature of dry yeast groups was monitored every hour for 26 h before and after modeling, and that of lipopolysaccharide groups was monitored every 20 min for 6 h before and after modeling. The changes in body temperature and other symptoms were recorded, an average body temperature curve was drawn, changes in body temperature at each time point were calculated, and the trends of the body temperature change in each group were compared. Results Two hours after the dry yeast suspension was injected subcutaneously, body temperature decreased to lower than the basal body temperature. However, body temperature began to rise in 2 ~ 4 h, reached its peak in 6~ 8 h, then leveled off for at least 20 h. With the increase in concentration, the temperature rise was increased and the peak occurred later. Lipopolysaccharide was injected intravenously at the ear margin and fever began in 40 min. The body temperature curve showed biphasic or triphasic heat and reached the first peak in 60 ~ 80 min and then leveled off for 240~ 300 min. The temperature rise had no obvious relationship with the injection dose of lipopolysaccharide, but the fever duration was increased with the increase in dose. Conclusions Dry yeast and lipopolysaccharide are reliable agents to induce fever in rabbits. The dry yeast model is a long-term high fever model, while the lipopolysaccharide model has a short fever time. The appropriate model to induce fever should be selected in accordance with the experimental requirements .