Objective To compare the intervention effects of the Baixiangdan capsule ( BXD), the 5- hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor ( 5-HT3R)-specific agonist and its antagonist, and the cannabinoid receptor 1 ( CB1R)- specific agonist and its antagonist on premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) rats. Methods An animal model of PMDD anxiety was established using three compound factors: ovariectomy, hormone-induced estrous cycle and residential invasion. Follow-up experiments were carried out in two batches. The first batch of rats was divided into a blank group, a model group, a 5-HT3R agonist (1-phenylbiguanide, PBG) group, a CB1R agonist (WIN55212-2, WIN) group, a PBG+WIN group and a BXD group. The second batch of rats was divided into a blank group, a model group, a 5-HT3R antagonist (Granisetron, GRA) group, a CB1R antagonist (Rimonabant, RIM) group, a GRA+RIM group and a BXD group. After drug intervention, the anxiety-like behavior of rats in each group was evaluated using the open-field test ( OFT) and elevated plus maze (EPM). Results Compared with the control group, the mixed aggressive behavior score of resident- intruder test (RIT) in the model group was significantly higher (P<0. 01), and the number of entries into the central area of the OFT and the percentage of staying in the EPM open arms were significantly lower (P<0. 05). Compared with the model group, the RIT mixed aggression scores of the PBG, RIM and BXD groups were significantly lower (P<0. 01), the number of entries and residence time in the central area of the OFT were significantly higher (P<0. 05), and the number of entries and residence time percentage of the EPM open arm were significantly higher (P<0. 05). Conclusions BXD, 5- HT3R agonist PBG and CB1R antagonist RIM can effectively correct the anxiety-like behavior of PMDD model rats.