Severe asthma, which requires high doses of glucocorticoids in combination with other medications to maintain symptom control or is uncontrollable even with these treatments, is currently a challenge in the clinical management of asthma. The establishment of a stable and reproducible animal model that closely mimics the pathophysiological and clinical characteristics of patients with severe asthma is important for in-depth study of severe asthma pathogenesis, identifying potential therapeutic targets, and developing targeted drugs. This article reviews studies related to the establishment of animal models of severe asthma in the past 10 years and summarizes the recent progress in the establishment and evaluation of animal models of severe asthma from three aspects: selection of the animal, establishment protocols, and model pathological phenotypes. This review summarizes and analyzes the current progress in the establishment of SA animal models, and provides a reference for severe asthma basic research using animal models.