Objective A stable model of acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis was established in rats to detect pathophysiological indexes and provide a reliable standardized animal model for the study of acute cholangitis and cholestasis. Methods SPF-grade male SD rats were selected, and the model was constructed via the injection of toxoid into the lower bile duct, followed by ligation of the common bile duct. Changes in body weight, mortality, major indexes of liver function, and histopathological changes in the liver were evaluated before and after modeling. Results After modeling, the body weight of rats in the model group decreased significantly. There were no deaths and no abnormalities of liver function in the sham-operation group. Three rats died in the model group, and the mortality rate of the model group was 12%. The main indexes of liver function and liver pathology showed obvious cholestasis and injurious changes to hepatic function in the model. Conclusions In this study, an acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis model rat was successfully established. The model has the advantages of ease of operation, minimal injury, low mortality, and a highly successful modeling rate, and it can provide a standardized experimental animal model for studying the mechanisms of and developing drugs for these common diseases.