Objective To explore the feasibility of confirming pre experimental conditions in Mongolian gerbils using three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (3D-TOF-MRA). Methods The cerebral arteries in Monglian gerbils were imaged using a 7.0T magnetic resonance imaging scanner and the data were processed using RadiAnt DICOM Viewer software. The imaging result were then validated and compared using the latex perfusion method, and 3D reconstruction of the posterior communicating branch and surrounding cerebral blood vessels were performed using analytical software. Finally, we attempted to use this method to screen for abnormal vascular development in Mongolian gerbils, to verify the effectiveness of this method. Results 3D-TOF-MRA effectively demonstrated the cerebral arteries in live Mongolian gerbils. The technique showed high accuracy for observing the main cerebral arteries in Mongolian gerbils, but its ability to show finer vascular branches was not as good as the latex perfusion method. The data obtained using 3DTOF-MRA could be used for 3D reconstruction of blood vessels, and the technology could be applied to screen for abnormal arterial structures in Mongolian gerbils. Conclusions 3D-TOF-MRA technology can be applied for the structural observation and related research of the cerebral arteries in live Mongolian gerbils.