The advent of an aging society means that bone-related diseases impose a substantial burden on the general population and on healthcare systems, highlighting the need to find new treatment method. The occurrence and progression of such diseases are closely linked to inflammatory responses. Moxibustion, as a traditional external treatment in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is well-known for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, and it has also demonstrated remarkable therapeutic efficacy for bone-related diseases. Here we review the impact of moxibustion on inflammatory responses associated with bone-related conditions. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of moxibustion in treating bone-related diseases involves mediating pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors and related mediators, and regulating signaling pathways (e.g., nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), Janus kinase (JAK)/ signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/UNC-51 like autophagy activating kinase (ULK1)), the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the activation of immune cells, and autophagy. Despite these findings however, the anti-inflammatory mechanisms underlying moxibustion treatment for bone-related diseases remain poorly understood. Further research utilizing advanced technologies is needed to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the anti-inflammatory mechanisms involved in moxibustion therapy. This approach aims to facilitate better clinical applications and contribute to safeguarding human bone health.