The glymphatic system is a recently discovered essential waste-clearance pathway in the central nervous system that plays a pivotal role in maintaining brain homeostasis. Growing evidence suggests that dysfunction of this system is closely associated with the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative disorders; however, its precise mechanistic involvement in Parkinson’s disease is poorly understood. This review systematically summarizes the structural and functional characteristics of the glymphatic system, provides an in-depth exploration of its potential role in Parkinson’s disease pathophysiology, and synthesizes current research evidence on glymphatic system-targeted therapeutic strategies, with the aim of establishing a theoretical foundation for advancing the understanding of PD pathogenesis and developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.