Objective To determine the body weights and blood physiological and biochemical indicators in the Macaca mulatta brevicaudus(M.m.brevicaudus), to provide a reference for the breeding of experimental animals. Methods A total of 180 wild M.m.brevicaudus (female and male) from the South Bay Macaque Reserve in Lingshui were selected as the research subjects. Body weights were measured using electronic scales and blood samples were collected. Routine blood indicators (red blood cell count, hemoglobin, white blood cell count, and platelet count) were detected using an automated blood cell analyzer, and biochemical indicators (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, blood urea nitrogen) were measured using an automated biochemical analyzer. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 software for descriptive statistics, and differences in body weights and blood indicators between sexes and age groups were compared using t-tests. Results Adult male wild M.m. brevicaudus were significantly heavier than females (P<0.05); however, there were no significant differences in complete blood cell counts between female and male macaques (P>0.05). In terms of blood biochemical indicators, lactate dehydrogenase and total bilirubin levels differed significantly between female and male M.m.brevicaudus (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences in any other biochemical indicators. Conclusions This study established baseline data on the body weights and blood physiological and biochemical indicators of wild M.m. brevicaudus, providing a reference for their future breeding as experimental animals.