Objective To explore the Effect of remote ischaemic preconditioning on renal function in rats with renal ischemia reperfusion. Method Methods: SPF male SD rats (n=30) were randomly divided into three equal groups: sham group (group S), ischemic reperfusion group (group IR), remote ischaemic preconditioning group (group RIPC). For group IR, cutting off the right kidney, and lefting the right one ischemia for 45min, then transfusing blood for 60min. For group RIPC, occlusion femoral artery for 5min, reperfusion 5min, repeated three times, making IR models after 1h. For group S, we lift right kidneys after anesthesia and laparotomy. Blood sample was collected in 6 h to Scr，BUN，IL-1β，TNF-α and Kim-1. Histopathological changes of kidney were observed by using of pathological section and HE staining. Results: Histopathological observations of kidney shows no obvious change in kidneys of group S. Serious kidney injury was found in group IR, which showed up as obvious inflammation and glomerulonephritis, While the kidney injury was significantly alleviated in group RIPC, and no serious inflammatory response was detected. Compared to group S, levels of Scr，BUN，IL-1β，TNF-α and Kim-1 in group IR and RIPC had increased significantly (P <0.05); which had significant decreased in group group IR and RIPC (P<0.05). Conclusion RIPC can reduce inflammatory reaction, thus alleviating renal ischemia reperfusion injury and protecting kidney to some degree.