Experimental animals, as "living reagents", promote the development of life science and medicine, and also make the public pay more attention to the welfare ethics of experimental animals. Experimental animal welfare ethics is not only an important part of animal protection, but also plays an important role in protecting the rights and interests of experimental animals and promoting the rationality and morality of scientific research. However, in the evolution of animal protectionism, some extreme theory such as extreme animal protectionism had also emerged. This article summarized the main theories of animal protectionism and the development of animal welfare ethics and analyzed the main problems of extreme animal protectionism. This article expounds the present situation and problems of experimental animal welfare ethics and puts forward some suggestions to promote the practice of experimental animal welfare ethics, in order to provide references for our country's experimental animal welfare ethics practice and system construction.