Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury(CIRI)refers to the recovery of blood supply after cerebral ischemia, leading to further damage and dysfunction of brain tissue. At present, modern medicine has made some progress in the prevention and treatment of CIRI, but it still faces some challenges and limitations. Therefore, it is of great clinical value to find effective interventions to prevent and treat CIRI. AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)and its downstream proteins are important targets for the treatment of CIRI and play a key role in the regulation of cellular energy homeostasis. Traditional Chinese medicine has the characteristics of multi-target, multi-pathway and multi-effect. It can activate the cascade reaction of AMPK signaling pathway, and treat CIRI by regulating autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammatory response and apoptosis, and has achieved certain results. Therefore, this paper summarizes the structure and mechanism of AMPK-related signaling pathway, elaborates its relationship with CIRI, and systematically summarizes the research status of traditional Chinese medicine regulating AMPK signaling pathway in the prevention and treatment of CIRI, in order to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of CIRI in traditional Chinese medicine and the development of new drugs.