Hypoxia is associated with the occurrence and development of many diseases in clinical settings. Cell hypoxia not only serves as a vital marker for disease advancement but also plays a pivotal role in exacerbating the disease process. Therefore, improving tissue hypoxia may provide new strategies for the treatment of related diseases.. To investigate these diseases at the cellular and molecular levels, it is paramount to establish a cellular hypoxia model. At present, the extensively employed hypoxic cell models can be primarily categorized into three types: chemical hypoxia model, physical hypoxia model, and glucose deprivation hypoxia model.This article will overview the various types of hypoxic cell models and scrutinize their application and limitations in disease research.