Vascular dementia (VD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by brain injury, the research on the process of its occurrence is not yet in-depth. The regulatory all death (RCD) mechanism is related to the pathological mechanisms of VD, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, and copper mediated cell death proposed in recent years. Therefore, explain the role between the mechanisms of regulatory death and the pathological mechanisms of VD, is of beneficial for the study of VD. The article provides a review of the roles of five mechanisms of RCD in VD, and summarizes the recent research progress in the treatment of VD with traditional Chinese medicine, in order to development of new traditional Chinese medicine drugs.