[Abstract] Lung cancer is a serious pulmonary tumor disease, and the exacerbation of its chronic inflammatory state is a precursor to lung cancer formation. To gain a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of lung cancer and to develop preventive treatment strategies, relevant animal models are widely used in experimental research. In particular, induced lung cancer animal models are considered an important entry point for understanding the transition from chronic lung inflammation to lung cancer. Early intervention is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer. Based on this, this paper reviews recent literature on various inducing factors of lung cancer, including many carcinogens (such as Nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone(NNK), B[a]P, Benzopyrene(DEN), Atmospheric fine particulate matter(PM2.5), coal smoke, heavy metal ions, radiation, biological infections, etc.). It summarizes the animal models of lung inflammation and cancer transformation induced by these factors, discusses the mechanisms by which relevant carcinogens induce lung cancer, analyzes the advantages and limitations of animal models, and looks forward to future development directions. The aim is to provide a valuable reference for the establishment of related models in the future.