The glymphatic system is a recently discovered essential waste clearance pathway in the central nervous system that plays a pivotal role in maintaining brain homeostasis. Growing evidence suggests that dysfunction of this system is closely associated with the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative disorders. However, its precise mechanistic involvement in Parkinson's disease remains incompletely understood. This review systematically summarizes the structural and functional characteristics of the GS, provides an in-depth exploration of its potential role in PD pathophysiology, and synthesizes current research evidence on GS-targeted therapeutic strategies. The aim is to establish a theoretical foundation for advancing the understanding of PD pathogenesis and developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.