Objective To compare the body weight , blood physiological, and biochemical indicators of the Hainan macaque subspecies (Macaca mulatta brevicaudata) , and to provide a reference for the subsequent breeding of experimental animals breeding. Methods This study selected 180 wild Hainan subspecies of macaques (both female and male) from the South Bay Macaque Reserve in Lingshui Macaque Nature Reserve as the research subjects. The body weight of the macaques was measured using an electronic scale, and blood samples were collected. Blood routine indicators (RBC, HGB, WBC, PLT, etc.) were detected using an automated blood cell analyzer, and biochemical indicators (ALT, AST, GLU, BUN, etc.) were measured using an automated biochemical analyzer. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software for descriptive statistics, and t-tests were used to compare the differences in body weight and blood indicators between different genders and age groups of macaques. Results The results showed that in adult wild Hainan subspecies of macaques, the body weight of males was significantly higher than that of females (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the results of complete blood cell counts between female and male macaques (P>0.05). In terms of blood biochemical indicators, significant differences were observed in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and total bilirubin (TBIL) levels between female and male Hainan subspecies of macaques (P<0.05), while no significant differences were found in other biochemical indicators. Conclusion This study established baseline data on the body weight, blood physiological and biochemical indicators of wild Hainan macaques, providing a reference for the future breeding of Hainan macaques as experimental animals.