The abuse of addictive substances will lead to a series of legal and public health problems, causing great harm to individuals, families and society. Addictive substances cause behavioral changes and cognitive dysfunction by affecting the release of neurotransmitters and changes in neuroplasticity in the brain. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a non-invasive neuromodulation method for treating substance use disorders, which can improve the craving behavior and cognitive impairment of patients with substance use disorders. This article systematically reviews the great potential of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of substance use disorders by reviewing the research results of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of common substance use disorders in recent years, in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of substance use disorders.