Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease with a high mortality rate. Its pathogenesis is complex, and current therapeutic options are limited. The establishment of appropriate animal models serves as a critical approach for investigating disease mechanisms and evaluating potential therapeutic interventions. This article presents a systematic review of existing animal models of pulmonary fibrosis in both Western medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), with an emphasis on their alignment with clinical manifestations. The findings indicate that intratracheal administration of bleomycin (BLM) is the predominant method used in Western medicine to induce PF in animal models. Among these, the model induced by repeated BLM administrations via tracheotomy most closely mimics the characteristics of human pulmonary fibrosis, demonstrating a 95% consistency with Western clinical features and 60% consistency with TCM syndrome patterns. In contrast, research on TCM-based animal models remains limited, primarily focusing on syndromes such as qi deficiency with blood stasis and kidney yang deficiency. The qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome model exhibits 60% consistency with Western medicine and 44% consistency with TCM. Overall, Western medicine animal models demonstrate relatively high consistency with clinical features; however, most studies focus on specific stages of the disease, limiting their ability to fully represent the disease progression. TCM models show lower consistency, and the lack of standardized modeling and evaluation systems further restricts their translational potential. Therefore, the development of integrated disease-syndrome models and standardized evaluation systems is essential to advance the clinical translation of integrative medicine research.