【】This review systematically focuses on the phenomenon of autophagy-specific homeostatic imbalance in key immune cell populations (B cells, macrophages, and T cells) within the pathogenesis of Sj?gren"s syndrome (SS), breaking through the previous limitation of studies largely confined to glandular epithelial cells. The article elaborates that autophagy manifests highly heterogeneous functional imbalance states among different immune cell types in SS. This differential autophagy dysregulation is not merely an accompanying phenomenon of the disease but also a core intrinsic molecular mechanism driving its initiation and progression. Based on the aforementioned mechanisms, this article further explores the potential therapeutic value of precisely intervening in and rebuilding immune microenvironment homeostasis by targeting autophagy pathways, providing an important theoretical basis and innovative direction for developing novel immunomodulatory strategies against SS.