The teaching of Laboratory Mouse Anatomy faces multiple challenges, including a lack of systematic textbooks, disconnection between theoretical instruction and laboratory practice, superficial integration of research elements, absence of animal welfare ethics education, and high resource costs. Guided by the concept of “integration of teaching and research” , a systematic reform was implemented, including the development of a two-volume textbook and digital resources, the construction of a regionally integrated modular teaching system, the transformation of research resources into inquiry-based tasks, the promotion of team-based faculty development, the full integration of animal welfare ethics into the teaching process, and the establishment of a research/teaching consumables recycling mechanism. After two teaching cycles covering 216 undergraduates, significant improvements were observed: students’ anatomical mapping scores increased from 6.2±1.8 to 8.6±1.1 (P<0.001); practical operation assessment scores rose from 78.3±6.7 to 89.5±5.2 (P<0.001); the rate of standardized euthanasia practice increased from 32.3% to 91.1% (P<0.001). In addition, the number of lead instructors grew from 1 to 3; the average number of mice used per student decreased by 37.8%; and the per-student core operating time increased by 20%. The reform effectively transformed the course from knowledge transmission to competency cultivation, providing a replicable experience for laboratory animal anatomy teaching.