Objective To establish a method for detecting the mRNA expression level of FABP4 gene in Macaca fascicularis. Methods Six pairs of real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR) primers were designed according to the mRNA sequence of fat FABP4 gene. Adipose tissue of Macaca fascicularis was collected in vivo; total RNA was extracted and reversely transcribed into cDNA. The designed 6 pairs of primers were used for RT-qPCR detection. According to the amplification curve and melting peaks, the primers with the most sensitive detection and without non-specific amplification were selected. The standard curve of gene expression was constructed by 100, 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, and 10-4times diluted cDNA. Two groups, namely the young and old groups of Macaca fascicularis, were established to validate the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR detection method for the expression of the FABP4 gene in Macaca fascicularis adipose tissue. Results A pair of primers with the highest detection sensitivity were screened out, and a real - time fluorescence quantitative PCR method for detecting the expression level of FABP4 gene in Macaca fascicularis adipose tissue was established. The relative expression of the FABP4 gene in the adipose tissue of crab-eating macaques is higher in the elderly group compared to the young group . Conclusion A real-time quantitative PCR method has been successfully established for detecting the transcriptional levels of the FABP4 gene in the Macaca fascicularis.