Objective To use the upper extremity precision movement analysis system in evaluation of the effect of human bone marrow mesenehymal stem cells ( hBMSC) in the treatment of non-human primate models of photochemically induced stroke． Methods Eighteen adult male cynomolgus monkeys were used in this study． Training the animals for 2 months with mMAP and collect the basic data before the surgery． The infarction models were induced photochemically．the18 monkeys were divided into three groups at 4 weeks after the surgery． The control group consisted of 6 animals receiving physiological saline in a volume of 250 μL at 3 mm away from the outer edge of the infarction． The high-dose and low-dose groups received hBMSC with the cell number of 5 × 106 and 1 × 106 cells/ animal，respectively，at the same site and volume for the control group． Behavioral data were collected at 1，3 days，1，2，3，4 weeks after surgery and 1，3days，1，2，3，4，5，6，8 weeks after hBMSC transplantation． A primate neurological deficit scale was used to assess the neurological deficit at the same time． Results All 18 animals showed focal neurological signs corresponding to the targeted infarct site after the surgery． The time at that the animals picked up the food was much slower than that before the surgery ( P ＜ 0. 01) ． The score was 32. 3 ± 5. 13 at the first post-operatively evaluation． The average score declined but never fully recovered after 4 weeks． From the 3rd day after transplantation，there were significant differences between the control and both low and high dose-groups with the movement analysis system ( P ＜ 0. 05) ． From the 2nd week after transplantation，there were significant differences between the control and both low and high dose-groups in neurological deficit scores ( P ＜0. 05) ． There was no significant difference between the high-dose and low-dose groups． Conclusions The precision movement analysis system used in this study reflects neurological function objectively and accurately，and can be used to measure the neuronal loss in vivo and to evaluate the effects of therapeutic strategies involving neural or stem cell transplantation in the establishment of animal stroke models and evaluation of drug efficacy studies．