Objective To determine the complete sequences of the mitochondrial DNA control region in Macaca mulatta from Yunnan province． The complete sequences were analyzed for phylogenetic tree and nucleotide composition．Methods The complete sequences was amplified by polymerase chain reaction ( PCR) ． The nucleotide composition was analyzed by comparison with the known control region sequence ( AY612638) downloaded from GenBank database． The homology，the rate of transition /transversion and phylogenetic tree constructed by neighbor-joining ( NJ) and minimumevolution ( ME) methods were also analyzed． Results The length of the mitochondrial DNA control region complete sequences were 1084 to 1089 bp，the average contents of A，T，G and C were 29. 9% ，26. 9% ，12. 3% and 30. 9% ，respectively． The content of A + T ( 56. 8% ) was higher than G + C ( 43. 2% ) in the complete sequence． The homology of these sequences was 91. 5% ～ 99. 5% ． The nucleotide mutational rate was 4. 5% on average，including transition，transversion，insertion and loss． The rate of transition /transversion was 26. 1 on average． The phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial DNA control region showed that the Macaca mulatta of Yunan was divided into two sister groups geographically． Conclusions The complete sequences of the mitochondrial DNA control region of Macaca mulatta has been determined． This study may be of importance for studies on evolution and function of the mitochondrial DNA control region of Macaca mulatta．