Objective To establish a genetic monitoring method for laboratory chickens. Methods Seventy-twomicrosatellite loci were chosen from the literature. PCR and short tandem repeat (STR) scanning techniques were used toidentify the loci with good amplification effects and stability. The loci suitable for genetic monitoring of closed-colony andhaplotype laboratory chickens were preliminarily established. This genetic monitoring method was applied in three closedlaboratory chicken colonies and three haplotype laboratory chickens. Results We preliminarily determined 28 microsatelliteloci for genetic monitoring of closed-colony laboratory chickens and 14 microsatellite loci for genetic testing of haplotypelaboratory chickens. Conclusions A genetic monitoring method for laboratory chickens is preliminary established.