Pathogenic microorganisms have become a crucial chip in the world’ s developed economies game of coexistence in international biosafety. Due to the present pandemic, an important strategic resource for this country needs to be developed during this adjustment period. However, the preservation institutions previously built in China’s early stages are now unable to meet the needs of the current situation. Under a new integrated plan from the National Health Commission, the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences has established a National Pathogenic Microorganism Preservation Center, which provides a strong guarantee for the management, development, and utilization of microbial resources in China. In this paper, the construction plan and implementation process of the National Pathogenic Microorganism Preservation Center is expounded upon from the aspects of hardware facilities, management systems, and personnel teams, so as to provide reference for the construction of a standardized and informationized pathogenic microorganism preservation institution.