Immunogenic cell death ( ICD) is a form of cell death that can activate the immune system,especially in the treatment of cancer. ICD can enhance the recognition of tumors by the immune system and the release of damage associated molecular patterns ( DAMPs), to achieve tumor cell death. Oncolytic viruses ( OVs) can selectively infect and kill tumor cells without damaging normal cells. OVs are type II ICD inducers that induce ICD in tumor cells by targeting the endoplasmic reticulum. Here, we review the characteristics of ICD and the mechanism of ICD induction by OVs. We also review the latest clinical progress involving ICD and discuss future treatment strategies for tumors.