Cardiovascular disease is currently the disease with the highest incidence and mortality rate globally, but pathogenesis research and drug development for this condition still face significant challenges, partly because of the limitations of traditional research models. Two-dimensional ( 2D) cell cultures make it difficult to simulate the microenvironment in vivo, while animal models have species differences that cannot fully reproduce the physiological and pathological characteristics of the human cardiovascular system. With the continuous breakthrough of stem cell technology, organoid model research has developed rapidly, providing innovative tools for cardiovascular mechanism research and drug development. Cardiovascular organoids are microtissue models constructed with stem cells under three-dimensional (3D) culture conditions in vitro; they can highly simulate the structure, composition,and function of the human heart and blood vessels, significantly improving the physiological relevance of research. This paper systematically reviews their construction strategies and application progress, discussing current limitations and future directions.