Alzheimer’ s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized by cognitive impairment and executive function deficits. As a crucial innate immune pathway, abnormal activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon gene (cGAS-STING) signaling pathway in AD has attracted considerable attention. This review discusses the involvement of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in AD via mechanisms including β-amyloid deposition and abnormal tau protein aggregation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction,neuroinflammation and glial cell abnormalities, synaptic dysfunction, vascular dysfunction, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and autophagy dysfunction, as well as considering relevant research on potential therapeutic interventions in the cGAS-STING signaling pathway for the treatment of AD. This review aims to reveal the role of abnormal activation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway as a cause of AD pathogenesis and as a potential interventional target for the treatment of AD.