A ketogenic diet refers to an eating pattern designed to promote individuals to achieve a low-calorie content, minimum carbohydrate intake, high-fat consumption, and standard protein levels. The ketogenic diet is used in clinical practice to treat applications including heart dis-ease, diabetes, obesity, autism, glioblastoma, and other cancers. However, the ketogenic diet has not been recommended for any neurological disorder except epilepsy. With the intensive research on the ketogenic diet in recent years, more and more evidence has proved that the ketogenic diet has a neuroprotective effect on Parkinson's disease, and it is a new dietary ther-apy for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. In this review, we discuss in detail the neuropro-tective effects of the ketogenic diet in Parkinson's disease by different mechanisms, aiming to provide some references for clinical and experimental studies in this field.