Bacterial reinfection in the lungs of influenza patients is a key factor leading to serious illness and death. The adverse consequences caused by co infection of influenza virus (IV) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPN) impose a serious burden on patients, and the specific pathogenesis is complex. It is of great significance to better utilize the IV/SPN co infection mouse animal model for later basic research. This article provides a literature review on the reasonable establishment of IV/SPN co infection models under different research backgrounds, providing reference for the selection of animal models in the future.