At present, the intervention of progressive pulmonary vascular lesions has become the bottleneck and the focus of the prevention and treatment of clinical pulmonary hypertension. Plexiform lesions in pulmonary arterioles are the typical pathological manifestation of irreversible abnormal pulmonary vascular remodeling and are the criterion for stage IV pulmonary vascular remodeling. At present, the pathophysiology of the lesion is not perfect, and there are no effective clinical intervention measures. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish the corresponding animal models. This paper introduces the new progress of the stereology of plexiform lesions, focuses on the evaluation of these models, and evaluates the characteristics and uses of these models in order to provide reference for the animal experimental study and mechanism of pulmonary hypertension with pulmonary vascular plexiform lesions.