Abstract：objective To examine the anti-central-fatigue function of maca and its underlying mechanism . Methods: A central fatigue rat model was established by multi-factor modeling method with cold-water swimming、sleep deprivation、restraining and tail-clamping. 0.6、1.2、2.4g/kg.bw maca were respectively treated to rat by gavage for 35 days. Behavioral testing was studied by morris water maze test, sucrose preference test and tail suspension test. The markers of oxidative stress in hippocampus such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) 、malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) was detected by test kits. The proteins connected with AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1-α signaling pathway in hippocampus were detected by western blot. Results: Compared with modle group,maca significantly decreased the escape latency and quadrant activity time and the tail suspension time and the content of MDA while increased the times of crossing the platform and the sucrose preference and the activities of SOD and CAT. And maca significantly upregulated the expression of the proteins connected with AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1-α signaling pathway in hippocampus. Conclusion: Maca can improve the indicators in central fatigue rats connected with behavioral testing and oxidative stress . The underlying mechanism may be related to its regulatory effect on the the proteins in AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1-α signaling pathway .