Abstract:1　比较医学是生命科学的重要前沿学科在现代科学飞速发展的今天 ,知识爆炸引起科学体系大动荡、大分化、大整合 ,出现了各门科学整体化、整个科学数字化、科学技术一体化以及科学中心转移的大趋势。生命科学由于其自身的重要性 ,促进了科学人才迅速增加 ,理论和技术不断出现重大突破 ,各学科的生物技术产业群迅速崛起和人类基因组计划快速进展。这些知识和技术的迅速积累 ,正孕育着整体性的重大突破。生命科学 (ＨｕｍａｎＳｃｉｅｎｃｅ)突飞猛进的势头远远超过其他学科 ,在当前的科学大动荡中逐渐走向主导地位 ,成为科学界的新中心。生命…

Abstract:目的 研究志贺菌血清型的分布，针对不同血清型筛选高敏抗生素。方法 采用国标(GB／T14926．47—2001)的检测方法，对537份猕猴粪便样品进行细菌分离、鉴定及药敏实验。结果 检出74株志贺菌．检出率为13．78％。其中A群占6．76％，B群占71．62％，C群占21．62％。各个血清型分布为：A群1型占6．76％，B群2a型、Y变种、6型、3c型分别占35．14％、32．43％、2．70％、1．35％，C群鲍氏多价(7—11)型、(12-15)型分别占20．27％、1．35％。药敏实验表明志贺菌对氧氟沙星(86．49％)最敏感；对头孢三嗪(77．03％)、头孢他啶(64．86％)也较敏感；2a型志贺菌对头孢唑啉(65．38％)、痢特灵(65．38%)有较强敏感性；鲍氏多价(7—11)型对头孢唑啉(66．67％)、环丙沙星(66．67％)、诺氟沙星(66．67％)敏感性较强。结论 志贺菌2a、Y变种和鲍氏多价(7-11)型是目前引起细菌性痢疾的主要血清型，且对氧氟沙星、头孢三嗪、头孢他啶敏感，其中鲍氏多价(7—11)型对头孢唑啉、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星也有较强敏感性。

Abstract:Objective To observe effect of different +Gz on renal function and its ultrastruture in rats.Methods Thirty-six male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups ( n =6 for each group).Group A served as ground control.Group B was exposed to +5 Gz while group C and group D exposed to +7 Gz, group E and group F exposed to +9Gz for 3 min in animal centrifuge (3 times,with 40 min interval in between).Blood samples of group B,C and group E were collected 6 h after +Gz exposure,and those of group D and group F collected 24 h after exposure,for the measurement of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr),alkaline phosphatase(AKP) and Ca 2+ levels. At the same time,the left kidney was taken for microscopic and electron microscopic examination.Results In comparision with group A, BUN in group C and group E were significantly elevated ( P <0.05). Ca 2+ levels in group B,C and group E were significantly decreased ( P <0.01, P <0.05 and P <0.01).AKP in group E was also significantly increased ( P <0.05).In electron microscopic examination, the pathological changes of mitochondria of glomeruli and renal tubules were found in rats after repeated +7 Gz and +9 Gz exposure.Conclusion Repeated +7 Gz and +9 Gz exposure may exert harmful effect on renal function and ultrastructure in rats.

Abstract:Objective To study the normal value ranges for hematology indexes and biochemical indexes in serum of SD rat in 30 days feeding test.Methods\ The data of hematology indexes and biochemical indexes in serum of 240 female rats and 240 male rats in 24 experiments were collected,with the statistical analysis.Results\ The average value and the 95% normal value ranges of 7 hematology indexes and 9 biochemical indexes in serum were no significant differences by sex.The significant group differences were found in all the indexes of male and female rats,except for the triglyceride levels in male rats and the neutrophilic cell,lymphocyte and total protein levels in male and female rats.Conclusions\ The normal value ranges of hematology indexes and biochemical indexes in serum of SD rat in 30 days feeding test are consistent with those reported in literatures,and it is suitable to combine the female and male rat's data during statistical analysis.

Abstract:Objective To study HBV-infected grey marmot (marmota baibacina) generation after generation.Methods The healthy and HBV-infected marmots,which bred in the laboratory more than two monthes,were injected with the human serum containing HBV-DNA.HBV-M,HBV-DNA,and ALT/AST were observed by ELISA,PCR-ELISA,Lai's methods each week from the frist to fouth week and each month from the second to eighth month.The relative tissues were checked on pathology.The second and third generations were injected in the same way with the mixture serum,which came from the postive bodies in the first generation infected by HBV.Results\ There were good responses of the serum in the first and second generation,but no response of the serum in the third generration.Inflammatory responses of liver tissue could be found in all generations. Conclusion\ The preliminary study confirmed that it would be hopeful for grey marmot to be animal model with HBV.

Abstract:Objective To investigate whether HCMV infection can damage the gastroenteric epithelial tissue of rats and rabbits. Methods\ Fifty rats and thirty rabbits were inoculated with HCMV. Tissues of animals were examined by method of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Parts of them were paraffined and stained by HE technique. Results\ A part of animals inoculated HCMV had a poor appetite, mucoid motion .Lymphocyte infiltration in gastric mucosas and degeneration , necrosis even ulcer in intestinal mucosas were detected. HCMV antigen and its DNA section were found in the gastroenteric epithelium. Conclusion\ HCMV infection can invade and injure gastroenteric epithelial tissues of animals.

Abstract:Objective To understand the infection situation of conventional golden hamsters. Methods 10 conventional female golden hamsters were sacrificed. The organs (heart, liver, lung, kidney and brain) were dissected and weighted,and the visceral coefficient Calculated.Paraffin sections were made, stained with HE (hematoxylin and eosin ), and examined histopathologically with microscope. Results Organs had latent infection in every animal. The infection mostly occurred in lung (10/10), then in liver (9/10), heart (5/10), kidney (5/10) and brain (4/10). The average of infection occurrence was 2.9 organs per animal (from 2 to 5 organs per animal). Lymphocytes infiltration with cell denaturation or necrosis was observed. Conclusion Golden hamster must be cleaned from conventional to clean and it is necessary to formulate its pathological examing standards and monitoring procedure.

Abstract:Objective To establish an animal model of intrahepatic cholestasis in pregnant rats loaded with cholic acid and estrogen.Methods\ Inbred Wistar rats were divided randomly into three groups.Estrogen group was injected with benzogynestryl(5mg/kg body weight) and bile acid group was injected with cholate (2.4mg/kg body weight)for 5 days starting from 16th day of pregnancy.The control group was injeced only with 0.9% NaCl.All rats were planted with a catheter into general bile duct for collecting bile samples at 21th day of pregnancy.The biological chemical parametrs and hormones level of plasma and bile were determined.The pathological lesions of livein rats were obseved.Results\ The level of estrogen in plasma,amniotic fluid and bile in estrogen group before and after estrogen treatment increased significantly,and higher than bile acid group.In plasma of estrgen group,level of TBiL,AST increased and CHOL decreased significantly.The pathological changes showed intrahepatic cholestasis in pregnant rats.Conclusion\ The results demonstrated it was successful to establish an animal model of intrahepatic cholestasis in pregnant rats.

Abstract:Objective To structure the cardiac ischemic model. Methods The first diagonal of left coronary artery of canine was stitched, inducing an ischemic area of 7-8?cm 2. Results Cardiac ischemic models were successfully made in 54 dogs. Operation, EKG and ECT showed manifastations of cardiac ischemia. The ischemic areas had clear edges. Conclusion This method can easily sestablish the cardiac ischemic model with effective results, and no expensive instruments were needed.

Abstract:目的 探讨适合于磁共振成像(MRI)实验用免急性心肌梗塞模型的制作方法。方法 用静脉留置套管针穿刺耳缘静脉建立麻醉和给药通道。在剑突上方2cm处经胸骨正中人路开胸，结扎冠状动脉前降支24h可发急性阻塞性心肌梗塞，结扎冠状动脉前降支40min再灌注1—2h可发急性再灌注心肌梗塞。用硝荃四氟唑蓝(TTC)染色技术证实心肌梗塞病灶。结果 成功制作兔急性心肌梗塞模型，并取得心脏MRI形态和功能图像。结论 兔最适合制作供MRI实验用心肌梗塞动物模型。经剑突上方胸骨正中人路可以减少胸膜损伤．提高模型制作成功率。

Abstract:Objective To compare the three types of surgical approach of lumbar spinal fusion in rabbits. Methods Twenty four rabbits were divided into three groups to perform lumbar interbody, intercentrum and intertransverse process fusion at the time of 3 and 6 weeks. The rabbits were killed to perform manual palpation, radiographic and biomechanical testing. Results In the interbody fusion group, the implant bone was unstable, the implant bone slipped anterior in four cases, no fusion in four cases. In the intercentrum fusion group, the fusion area was narrow, only one case fused. In the intertransverse process group, the implant bone was stable, the fusion area was large, the implant bone was solid at three weeks, three cases (75%) were fused at six weeks. Conclusion Posteriorlateral intertransverse process lumbar fusion has excellent implant bed, with stable fusion region and sufficient implant bone. The fusion rate was 75% at six weeks, which was similar to human. The operation was easy, so lumbar intertransverse process fusion in rabbits was an ideal animal model to study lumbar fusion.

Abstract:目的　建立一种肢体缺血的实验动物模型。方法　结扎 2 8只家兔的左后肢的髂动脉远端并切除股总和骨浅动脉导致缺血。定期评估每只家兔缺血的严重程度 ,一直到术后第 90天。结果　血管造影显示术后大腿的细微侧支血管记数率从 0 7± 0 31增加到 2 0± 0 0 2。小腿血压率显著下降 (p <0 0 1)。小腿血流率显著下降(p <0 0 5 )。后肢肌肉的组织学研究显示有萎缩、纤维化和坏死。结论　成功制备家兔持续后肢缺血模型。

Abstract:This paper introduces a new web technique-COM (an acronym for Component Object Model) for improving CLAIN web site and an instance of COM application to web design of CLAIN. COM is a way of building objects,that is independent of any programming language. COM as a core facilitates CLAIN development platform,which would obey the rule of CLAIN and extend functions with reusability. A data access component is designed in VC++. ASP.VB and VC application can call its function at the same time. And the role of COM in constructing CLAIN is discussed.

Abstract:Blood vessels develop through two distinct mechanisms, vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. A balance between stimulatory and inhibitory signals controls each step during blood vessel formation. The origin of blood vessels is elaborated, and the process of vasculature development as well as the main factors affecting this process are illustrated.

Abstract:The congestive heart failure model induced by rapid ventricular pacing has provided a useful preparation of low output biventricular failure. The developmental history, characteristics and applications of this kind of animal models were reviewed. The detailed exposition was given to the mechanism of the models.

Abstract:Notch signaling defines an evolutionarily ancient cell interaction mechanism, which plays a fundamental role in metazon development. Signals exchanged between neighboring cells through the Notch receptor can amplify and consolidate molecular differences, which eventully dictate cell fates. Notch activity affects the implementation of differentiation,proliferation, and apoptotic programs, providing a general developmental tool to influence organ formation and morphogenesis.

Abstract:As more and more genes are sequenced and mapped by the human genome project, the determination of the function of novel genes becomes of increasing importance. Antisense technology has been highly successful at studying the function of the proteins encoded by the genes,because of its effectiveness in many species,reversibility of the underexpression,relatively low cost,and potential for therapeutic use.In this article, the authors review the progress of this technology and the potential roles that it might play in zoological research.