Abstract:目的　建立实验动物泰泽病原位杂交检测方法。方法　用已感染Tyzzer菌小鼠的 3T3细胞 (MT -3T3细胞 )感染 4周龄的ICR小鼠 ,以 4 .0× 10 5细胞量感染动物 ,动物于感染后 4～ 7d发病。根据Tyzzer菌 16srDNA序列设计出两对特异引物 ,以MT - 3T3细胞的DNA提取物为模板 ,进行套式PCR。扩增出Tyzzer菌特有的 196bp条带。以此产物为探针 ,用地高辛PCR一步法进行探针标记。选择感染动物的肝脏 ,采用不同探针浓度进行原位杂交。结果　当探针的最小浓度为 4 0ng μl时 ,在肝细胞的胞质中有阳性结果。 结论　原位杂交方法能直接定位Tyzzer菌的感染位置 ,本研究建立的方法简单 ,易于操作 ,便于普及。

Abstract:Objective To determine the hEPO transgene on the chromosomes of three transgenic goats obtained by zygote microinjection.Method\ Fluorescence \%in situ\% hybridization technique was used to detect the hEPO transgene.The biotin labeled probe was hybridized with the chromosomes of transgenic goat,normal control goat and human's.Results\ By signal amplification and DAPI staining,one pair of signals could be observed obviously on different chromosomes of these transgenic goats,while no signals produced on normal goat and human chromosomes.Conclusion\ hEPO transgenes were integrated into the chromosomes of these three goats with single site,and the integration was random on the goat chromosomes.

Abstract:Objective To understand the injury mechanism of Vero cells (African green monkey kidney cells)exposing to carbon tetrachloride (CCl\-4) for 24 hours. Methods\ The content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytoplasmic Ca 2+ concentration in Vero cells were measured with microfluorometry.Meanwhile,the injury of Vero cells was detected with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in the supernate of the medium for Vero cells.Results\ There were no any differences for the above indices between the group at 2.0mmol/L concentration CCl\-4 and control group statistically (\%P\%>0.05).In the other hand,both the content of reactive oxygen species and cytoplasmic Ca 2+ concentration in the Vero cells exposing to CCl\-4 at 4.0mmol/L and 8.0mmol/L concentration were higher than those in the control group ( P <0.01) respectively, and the activity of LDH in supernate of the medium for Vero cells was higher than that of latter ( P <0.01).Conclusion\ The possible injury mechanisms of Vero cells exposing to CCl\-4 of high concentration are partly mediated by increasing the content of reactive oxygen species and cytoplasmic Ca 2+ concentration in Vero cells.

Abstract:目的 研究提高慢性血清病肾炎模型动物的发病率、降低其制作难度的方法。方法36只Wistar雌性大鼠分为正常对照组、改进造模组、传统造模组3组，每组12只。改进组造模方法为：切除左侧肾脏；3mg牛血清白蛋白(BSA)与佐剂混匀双后足垫注射，然后每隔2周重复皮下多点注射一次；足垫注射BSA后2周开始隔日饮饲含0．1％BSA的6mmol／L．盐酸酸化水；BSA免疫注射3次后测血清抗BSA抗体滴度；达到l：16后开始每日腹腔注射3mg的BSA；3周后，腹腔注射100μg的PS一次；4周后宰杀大鼠。传统造模组按文献方法不做肾切、不饲BSA酸化水、不注射LPS，其中每日腹腔注射BSA改为每日尾静脉注射，其他处理同改进造模组。检测指标有一般情况、肾重指数、肾炎发生率、蛋白尿情况、血生化、病理改变、免疫荧光改变等。结果与对照组比较，两造模组大鼠均出现大量蛋白尿、血白蛋白降低及高脂血症、肾功能降低，病理显示系膜细胞增生、炎细胞浸润、大量蛋白管型等，免疫荧光显示lgG、C3肾小球内沉积等变化。而改进造模组比传统造模组肾炎发生率高，改变更为严重。结论通过切除大鼠一侧肾脏、饮饲BSA酸化水、腹腔注射LPS、改尾静脉注射BSA为腹腔注射等措施，可以降低慢性血清病肾炎模型的制作难度、提高其肾炎发病率。

Abstract:目的 建立大鼠一过性肠道感染模型。方法云南大理株旋毛虫幼虫囊胞(4000条/lmlNaCl)感染成年雄性SD大鼠，分别于感染后7、14、28、56d取大鼠小肠及结肠组织，4％多聚甲醛4℃固定过夜，常规石蜡浸润包埋，5μm切片，HE染色，用组织形态学积分评定肠道炎症的变化。结果大鼠于感染后7d肠道明显充血水肿，糜烂，黏膜下出血；组织学观察肠黏膜绒毛破坏、融合变短，隐窝加深，绒毛隐窝比减小，大量中性粒细胞浸润。感染后14d黏膜破坏程度最为严重，以嗜酸粒细胞浸润为主。小肠病变最为显著。感染后28d肠道炎症明显减轻，56d肠道黏膜恢复正常。结论大鼠旋毛虫感染所导致的肠道病理变化过程提供了一个理想的肠道一过性感染的动物模型，可用于感染后肠道功能改变的研究。

Abstract:目的　通过对骨质疏松症大鼠股骨生物力学和骨密度的比较研究 ,探讨染料木素胶囊对其骨质代谢的影响。方法　SD雌性大鼠 2 90只 ,随机分为正常对照组、模型组、骨疏康组 (5g·kg- 1 )、尼尔雌醇组 (1 5mg·kg- 1 )、染料木素大剂量 (18mg·kg- 1 )、中剂量 (9mg·kg- 1 )、小剂量 (4 5mg·kg- 1 )剂量组。模型大鼠切除双侧卵巢 (正常对照组行假手术 ) ,诱发雌激素缺乏性大鼠骨质疏松症。术后第 8天开始给药并分别于不同时间点杀死大鼠 ,取双侧股骨、胫骨和腰椎L2 - 4,进行相关指标的测定。结果　①尼尔雌醇和染料木素中剂量组可抑制动物体重的增长 ,也可使左股骨重、左胫骨长和左胫骨重明显增加 (P <0 0 1或P <0 0 5 ) ;②各组大鼠的股骨、胫骨和腰椎骨密度均有不同程度的改善 ,且染料木素在 4 5mg·kg- 1 、9mg·kg- 1 时比尼尔雌醇作用更显著 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1) ;③染料木素在 4 5mg·kg- 1 时可显著改善去势大鼠股骨的最大载荷 ,在 18mg·kg- 1 时可改善去势大鼠股骨的最大桡度 ,各剂量组均可改善去势大鼠股骨的弹性载荷 ,在 9mg·kg- 1 时可改善去势大鼠股骨的弹性桡度。结论　染料木素在 4 5～ 9mg·kg- 1 时对骨质疏松症大鼠的股骨生物力学和骨密度有显著的改善作用。

Abstract:Objective To explore the mechanism of glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis and bone forming of the statins by investigating the effects of simvastatin on the PPAR gamma.Methods By establishing the glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis model of rat and after treatment with the simvastatin for five weeks, the PPAR gamma expression was examined in sections of vertebra samples.Results \ The PPAR gamma expression was, respectively, the lowest in the non steroids control group, the highest in the steroids control group but decreased in a dose dependent manner after being treated by simvastatin in the treatment group.Conclusion\ PPAR gamma may play an important role in glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis. The simvastatin inhibits expression of PPAR gamma and reduces the formation of adipocyte tissue. Osteoblasts and bone formation are increased by regulating bone marrow stromal cell differentiation.

Abstract:Objective To study teratogenic effects of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi on embryos of SD rats. Method Gravid femals SD rats were randomly divided into five groups, then weighed and tagged. They were administered from 7 through 16 days of their gestation. The rats were weighed and killed on the 20th day of the gestation, embryonic developmental parameters and fetal developmental parameters were analysed, external and skeletal anomalies were examined. Results No significant differences were observed between the Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi dosage groups and the negative control group in body weight gain in pregnant rats. And there were no reduction of number of survivals at birth, no increment of incidence of stillbirth, no decrement of mean body weight, body length and tail length, no retardation of skeletal development, no increment of incidence of external and skeletal anomalies in the fetuses of experimental groups. Conclusion Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi has no maternal toxicity, embryonic and developmental toxicity and teratogenicity under the experimental conditions.

Abstract:Objective To explore the co effect of nerve growth factor (NGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on the sciatic nerve after injury, and to provide experiment base for clinical application of these factors. Methods 96 rats were divided into normal saline group (NS group), NGF group, bFGF group and NGF+bFGF group at random. The sciatic nerve was incised for 5?mm defect. The two ends of nerve were connected with 1 0?cm length silica gel tube of 2 0?mm bore. Saline, NGF and/or bFGF were injected into tube immediately and injected into muscle once a day (10?ng/100?g weight). Sciatic nerve function index (SFI), motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV), muscle evoked action potential (MAP) and regeneration axon counting were detected in the 3?rd, 6?th, 9?th, 12?th week postinjury. Results Three weeks after injury, there were different degree regeneration of nerve tissue in the silica gel tube. The results of SFI, MCV, MAP and regeneration axon counting in NGF+bFGF group was higher than those in the other groups. Conclusion The co effect of NGF and bFGF on sciatic nerve is better than the effect of NGF or bFGF alone.

Abstract:Objective To explore the histopathological characterization of the female beagle dog's uterus in drug safety assessment. Methods\ As controls in studies performed at our laboratory to assess the drug safety, female beagle dogs aged 43-74 weeks were at random divided into four groups and eight in each group were killed in spring, summer, autumn and winter respectively. The histological structures of their uteri were analysed. Results\ Oestrus\|related changes in the histological structure of uterus and weight were observed. The differences between the uterus of the four groups, especially in uterus endomertrium and uterus glands, showed highly comparative medicine significance in drug safety studies. Conclusion\ The results suggested that when non\|pregnancy female beagle dogs were used in safety assessment studies, the toxicologic pathology evaluation of uterus should be correlated with the physiological factors of distinguishing spontaneous changes.\;

Abstract:Objective To study the difference of reticular fiber of liver of Wistar rat at different ages. Methods Gray scale, area ratio, volume density (Vv) of reticular fiber of portal area, central vein and perisinusoidal space of liver of Wistar rat were observed by using Gomori silver colouring method and image analysis technique. The animals according to the age were divided into 4 groups: 3 months, 13 months, 25 months and 33 months.Results 1.The difference of gray scale of reticular fiber in portal area between group 1,2 and 4 was significant ( P<0.01, P <0.05)respectively. 2. The difference of area ratio of reticular fiber in perisinusoidal space between group 2,4,3 and 1 was significant ( P<0.01, P<0.01, P <0.05)respectively. 3.The difference of Vv of reticular fiber in perisinusoidal space between group 2,3,4 and 1 was significant respectively( P <0.01). 4.In each group the difference of the percentage of Vv of reticular fiber in portal area or central vein or perisinusoidal space between group 2,3,4 and 1 was very significant respectively( P <0.001). 5. In group 1 the percentage of Vv of reticular fiber in perisinusoidal space was the maximal, and central vein the minimal. 6. But in group 2 or 3 or 4 the percentage of Vv in portal area was the maximal, while central vein the minimal.Conclusion Compared with group 3 months, the reticular fiber of perisinusoidal space in groups 13 months, 25 months and 33 months was decreased. The argyrophilia of reticular fiber of portal area in 33 months was reduced.

Abstract:Objective A laboratory method of aerosol generation is studied for animal inhalation toxicity experiment. Method\ Through the atomization of solution and suspensions with compressed air used to generate aerosol, air pressure, flow rate and aerosol concentration are measured. Results\ When air pressure is 2-3 atm, flow rate of three\|hole\|nebulizer is 13 67-18 67 L/min, aerosol concentration is about 10000 mg/m 3, and flow rate of one\|hole\|nebulizer is 10 67-15 50 L/min, aerosol concentration is about 5000 mg/m 3. Conclusion\ According to the given condition, one\|hole\|nebulizer and two diluters are chosen for the purpose.\;

Abstract:In this article, recent research progress and developmental trend in gene mapping, molecular genetic marker, gene reform and manipulation, transgenic animal and so on in laboratory animal are analyzed. The application status of genetic engineering in breeding, genetic detection, definite animal models is discussed. And on the basis of the present researching situation in China, the perspective of study and application is proposed.

Abstract:Swine are widely used in physiological and experimental surgery studies. And they are increasingly used in pharmacological and toxicological researches with the development of minipigs. In toxicological researches, the minipigs are becoming a new selection of non rodents other than monkeys and dogs. This paper reviewed the minipigs in regulatory toxicity, dermal toxicity, reproductive toxicity, and in vitro toxicity researches, with the disadvantageous aspects of minipigs in toxicological researches.

Abstract:It is one of important measures to promote the development of laboratory animal science that research workers obtain financial support from government in any possible ways and conduct the research projects on laboratory animal science.The paper would put forward the several opinions,which should be paid much attention for selection of research subjects on it.

Abstract:Laboratory animal is an important support condition of life science research.In science research,the result of animal experiment is influenced by non\|experimental factors.In this article,three categories of non\|experimental factors(physical,chemical and microbiological) are summarized,providing foundation for ensuring result accuracy of animal experiment.

Abstract:China's WTO entry is an inevitable course for the economy of our country integrating into the world and partaking in the competiton all over the world.The commercialization of laboratory animal service system in our country is very poor,with unclear property right, delared management and low efficiency.This article would discuss the situation of laboratory animal service system in our country and present countermeasures of socialization and commercialization in this field.