Abstract:Objective To investigate the effects of hypoxanthine and uricase inhibitor used singly or in combination on the concentration of serum uric acid in mice,to determine the optimal procedure,route and dosage of drug administration,and to evaluate the feasibility of this method to establish a mouse model of hyperuricemia.Methods After i.g.or i.p administration of hypoxanthine and i.p.or s.c.injection of uricase inhibitor,the concentration of serum uric acid was measured at different time intervals.Results At 1,3,5 hours after i.p.injection of hypoxanthine in a dose of 500 mg/kg and s.c.injection of uricase inhibitor in a dose of 50 mg/kg,the level of serum uric acid in mice was significantly increased(P<0.01).Moreover,positively reacting drugs can significantly reduce the increased serum uric acid in those mice(P<0.01).Conclusion Intraperitoneal injection of hypoxanthine in a dose of 500 mg/kg and subcutaneous injection of uricase inhibitor in a dose of 50 mg/kg,administered in an appropriate combination,is a reliable method to induce significant increase of serum uric acid in mice and can be used as a suitable method to establish a mouse model of hyperuricemia.

Abstract:Objective To compare the efficacy of alveolar fluid clearance(AFC) in the isolated lung and live ventilated lung models in rats.Methods Isotonic 5% Evans blue-labeled albumin solutions with different pharmacotherapeutic agents were instilled into the distal airways of the lungs of both models.AFC was estimated by Evans blue-labeled albumin at progressively increasing concentrations.Results During the first 15 min,AFC was equal in the isolated lungs and live ventilated lungs in rats.However,At 30 min after treatment,AFC in the isolated lungs was decreased to 86% of the live ventilated lungs in rats.At 60 min after treatment,AFC in the isolated lungs was 60% of the live ventilated lungs.When 10~(-4) mol/L amiloride was added into the instillation solution,a 54.3% inhibition of alveolar fluid clearance in the live ventilated lungs in rats and 50.4% inhibition in the isolated rat lungs were induced.Terbutaline increased alveolar fluid clearance 49.7% in the live ventilated lungs in rats and 44.5% in the isolated rat lungs.Conclusions Although the basal AFC in the isolated lung model is slower than that of live ventilated lung models,the effect of drug on AFC in the live ventilated and isolated rat lung models is similar.AFC can be quantified in an isolated rat lung model.It is feasible to use live ventilated or isolated model for investigations of alveolar epithelial fluid transport.The simpler isolated lung model should be useful for short-term studies of alveolar fluid clearance.

Abstract:Objective To establish a polymerase chain reaction method for canine parvovirus dection and to utilize the PCR for diagnosis of parvovirus in canine samples. Methods PCR primers were designed according to the .VP2 Gene of CPV. 221bp products was obtained with the template from CPV strain, while no band was found in infectious canine hepatitis virus. This amplified product was cloned into pMD18-T vector and transferred into E. coli JMI09. The recombinant plasmid was sequenced. 30 feces and 12 tissue samples were detected of CPV by PCR method. Results The identity of DNA sequence of this fragment between CPV strain and gi54646342/gi39748709/~57903634 was 100%, All of 30 feces samples was negative, 221bp fragment was amplified fronl 6 of 12 tissue samples, Conclusion A PCR method is established for the detection of parvovirus. The PCR assay is an sensitive and specific technique for parvovirus diagnosis.

Abstract:目的建立一种改良的双侧供肾大鼠原位肾移植模型。方法第一阶段为基本技能训练。第二阶段为实验效果观察,供鼠取双侧肾脏;左侧原位移植,静脉用临时内支架端-端吻合,动脉端-侧吻合;输尿管带膀胱瓣与膀胱吻合;右肾蒂预留丝线体外延迟结扎代替肾切除。结果经4个月80多次训练,较为熟练的掌握了显微外科技术;第二阶段总手术时间180±15 min;手术成功率85%(34/40);受体存活4~9 d。并发症有吻合口出血、静脉血栓形成、排斥反应等。结论此模型经济实用、稳定可靠、成功率较高,一般实验室均可开展,对肾移植实验研究有应用价值。

Abstract:Objective To investigate the method to establish type I diabetic rat models induced by streptozotocin(STZ) and observe the stability of diabetic changes in rats of different sex.Methods STZ was injectied intraperitoneally for once.To measure and statistically analyze the fasting blood glucose level,body weight,water intake,insulin and c-peptide of the rats at different time points.Results The blood glucose level reached the mold-guide standard and diabetic appearance occurred at 3 days after STZ administration.The fasting blood glucose level became stable since 14 days after STZ injection in male rats,which were kept under observation for 16 weeks.All the male rats met the mold-guide standard.While,the fasting blood glucose level in the female rats met the mold-guide standard and keep stable since 4 weeks after STZ injection.Conclusion So far,intraperitoneal injection of STZ is an excellent method to induce type I diabetes in rats.However,the stability of fasting blood glucose level is differently related with the sex of animals.It is stable from 14 days after SYZ injection in male rats,but 4 weeks in female rats.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the infection of parasites in ICR mice in Xi'an.Methods\ The mice were sacrificed and parasitic infection was examined microscopically.Results\ Four genera of parasites were detected: Hymenolepis nana,Syphacia obvelata,Aspiculuris tetraptera and Giardia muris.Conclusion The intestinal parasitic infection is serious among ICR mice in Xi'an,and it is mainly mixed infection of several types of parasites.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the changes of peripheral blood platelet count and function in the mouse model of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP) and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of a Chinese medicine Ningxuewan(NXW) on those changes.Methods The peripheral platelet count was conducted with an automatic hemocyte analyzer.CD41 and CD61 level was determined by flow cytometry. Results The amount of the peripheral blood platelets in ITP model mice was decreased after injection of antiplatelet serum(APS) and CD41 and CD61 were also decreased as compared with those before injection(P<0.001). NXW in high-dose increased the amount of platelets,and elevated the content of CD41 and CD61 to a normal level.Conclusion The platelet count and function are abnormal in mice in the episode of ITP.NXW can increase the amount of peripheral blood platelets and restore the aggregation function of platelets.

Abstract:Objective To establish gestational diabetes mellitus model with macrosomia in rats Methods\ 7 days after being injected STZ 25mg/kg intraperitoneally,Female SD rats were mated with the male.On the day 6 of conception,plasma glucose(PG) levels were determined and those whose PG level increased by 20% than that before pregnancy were selected as the Model(M) group.All rats were c-sectioned on the day 21 of pregnancy to observe the fetuses.Results\ Body weights,body lengths,tail lengths of the offspring in M group were significantly heavier or longer than those in C group(P<0.001).Fetal plasma glucose concentrations in M group were higher than those in C group and the statistic difference was noted(P<0.001).Conclusion\ 7 days after being injected STZ 25 mg/kg intraperitoneally,GDM rats with 20% increase of plasma glucose levels on the day 6 of conception than before pregnancy can produce macrosomia.

Abstract:目的建立SIVp27杂交瘤细胞株，并对其分泌的SIVp27单克隆抗体进行初步鉴定。方法使用基因重组的SIVp27蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠，采用杂交瘤技术使用半固体培养基法建立杂交瘤细胞株，制备单克隆抗体。通过染色体核型对杂交瘤细胞株进行鉴定；采用Western blot、免疫荧光法、酶联免疫吸附法确定单克隆抗体的交叉反应性、相对亲和力、抗原识别表位、免疫球蛋白的类型和亚类。对单克隆抗体进行鉴定。结果获得4株可稳定分泌SIVp27单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞，IC3、286为IgG1类，2E12为IgG2b类，3G3为IgG2a类。4株单抗均能识别SIV的p27蛋白，与逆转录病毒SRV、STLV无交叉反应，286、2E12与H1Vp24有交叉反应。免疫荧光法检测腹水效价为1：10240～1：40960。1C3、286、2E12、3G3染色体平均数分别为103、97、96、101。2E12与3G3识别不同的抗原表位。结论成功地制备出4株SIVp27单克隆抗体，均具有良好的特异性和亲和力，为进一步建立免疫分析方法，进行SIV／SAIDS及其艾滋病相关研究，奠定了基础。

Abstract:Objective To design a half-net type feeding box and evaluate the feasibility of this feeding mode for rodents.Methods To modify and improve R5 box into a half-net type box,and to compare rats feeding results between the common feeding type and half-net type.The workload of changing box and animal production ability were calculated.According to the methods of GB14925-2001,the ammonia concentration inside the boxes of common feeding type and half-net type was measured and analyzed.Results 1) Using the half-net type feeding the bedding usage and workload were reduced by 50% and 75%,respectively,in comparison with those by common box feeding method.2) No difference was observed between the two feeding types in regard to rat production capacity.3) No significant difference in ammonia concentration of the two feeding types was observed during the first 4 days after changing the box,but after 5th day,the ammonia concentration inside half-net type boxes was lower than that in common feeding boxes.Conclusion Compared with routine feeding type boxes, there are apparent advantages of the half-net type feeding boxes,which can well satisfy the feeding needs and obtain the same feeding results,while considerably reduce bedding usage and workload.

Abstract:Objeetlve To find an economical and simple way to conduct cardiomyocyte culture. Methods Two methods, the 0.25% lysine-enzymatlc digestion and lissue pieces were designed for culturing cardiomyocytes from newborn rats. Results The 0.25% lysine-enzymatic digestion method provided sufficient amount of cells for research, but it took longer time and showed more pronounced damage to the cardiomyocytes. The tissue pieces method was easier to handle with less damage to the ceils, but the obtained amount of cardiomyocytes was limited. Conclusion Both two methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, and should be chosen depending on actual situation and demands.

Abstract:Coronary heart disease is one of common severe diseases to humans.Myocardial infarction model may provide important application in research on coronary heart disease.Animal model of myocardial infarction may lay a good basis for studies on pathology,pathophysiology,biochemistry,hemodynamics and hemorheology of myocardial infarction.In this article we reviewed the method,assessment and principle in establiment of animal models of myocardial infarction.

Abstract:A viariety of animals have been used for tuberculosis research,and each animal model has its own strong and weak points.Nonhuman primates are quite susceptible to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection by aerosol route and to develop a disease resembling to that in humans,including the pathology in the lungs,the progression of the disease,the characteristics of immunologic alterations,the antigen-induced T lymphocyte reactivity both in vitro and in vivo,and get to be protected by BCG vaccination.Therefore,nonhuman primates seem to have significant advantages over conventional laboratory animals in the research on the relation to infection and immunology,and the process of immunologic system devastation.Also such model is valuable in evaluation of effectiveness of vaccines.But there were limited published data available on nonhuman primate tuberculosis.Modern immunological techniques have not yet been well applied to the research of nonhuman primate tuberculosis.This fact hampered the progress of tuberculosis research considerably.It is of great importance to develop nonhuman primate tuberculosis models to serve human tuberculosis research.

Abstract:Based on the analysis about the developmental state of laboratory animal science in developed countries, this paper provides some suggestions about development of laboratory animal science in China, correlating with the requirement in developmenl of economy, society and science in China.

Abstract:心肌炎是一种由多种致病因素所引起的复杂疾病。急性或慢性感染性心肌炎是由病毒、细菌、支原体或真菌所引起的心肌炎症。其中，病毒性心肌炎最为常见。肠道病毒和腺病毒所引起的心肌炎约占临床病例的20％-50％。因此，本文对病毒性心肌炎的发病机制进行了总结。病毒性心肌炎造成的心脏损伤主要有三种发病机制：（1）病毒的感染和复制直接导致的心肌损伤；（2）免疫反应；（3）生化机制。

Abstract:Secreted Wnt glycoproteins are one of the major families of cell signaling molecules and have a dual role in embryogenesis and carcinogenesis.Wnt proteins signals act through canonical pathway and non-canonical pathway.Wnt ligands bind to two distinct families of cell-surface receptors: the Frizzled(Fz) receptor family and the LDL-receptor related protein(LRP) family.Wnt-mediated signals are modulated extracellularly by Wnt antagonists.Wnt antagonists are asecreted proteins that bind to Wnt proteins and inhibit their activities.They can be divided into two groups: one is sFRP family,WIF-1 and Cerberus,another is DKK family.Wnt signaling has clearly emerged as a critical pathway in carcinogenesis.It deserves further study on the components of the Wnt pathway to provide valuable targets for potential anti-cancer therapeutic agents.