Abstract:目的探讨脂蛋白脂酶活化剂NO_1886对糖尿病小型猪心肌组织血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)蛋白表达的影响。方法15只广西巴马小型猪按体重随机均分3组:正常对照组(CD)饲以正常饲料;高脂高糖高胆固醇组(HFSCD)饲以高脂高糖高胆固醇饲料;加药组(HFSCD NO_1886),HFSCD饲料中加入1·0%NO_1886。每月末测定血糖、血脂和胰岛素水平。第5个月末取部分心尖组织,HE染色,免疫组化方法检测VEGF的蛋白表达。结果与CD组比较,HFSCD组血糖、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL_c)、甘油三酯和胰岛素水平异常升高;而HFSCD NO_1886组与HFSCD组相比,血浆HDL_c显著升高,血糖、甘油三酯和胰岛素明显下降。三组心肌组织VEGF表达的平均积分光密度值分别为:CD0·2798±0·0794;HFSCD0·4394±0·0399;HFSCD NO_18860·3333±0·0773(P=0·004)。结论NO_1886可降低HFSCD诱导的糖尿病小型猪血糖、甘油三酯和胰岛素,升高HDL_c水平,改善糖代谢和脂代谢紊乱,并对心肌组织VEGF的蛋白表达具有下调作用。

Abstract:目的 探讨遗传因子A^y基因对KK／Upj-A^y／J小鼠繁殖性能及血糖的影响，并确定最好的繁殖方式。方法 KK／Upj-A^y／J小鼠保持在SPF状态，采用3种繁殖方式，分别为：杂合子雄鼠与隐性纯合子雌鼠交配；杂合子雌鼠与隐性纯合子雄鼠交配；杂合子雌鼠与杂合子雄鼠交配，同时尾尖取血测量小鼠血糖。结果 3种繁殖方式中，杂合子雄鼠与隐性纯合子雌鼠交配的受孕率，平均窝产子数最高，分别为92．6％；6．38只。杂合子雌鼠与杂合子雄鼠繁殖方式的离乳率最高为91．67％。仔鼠A／a杂合子与a／a隐性纯合子的比例为1：1。结论 （1）杂合子雄鼠与隐性纯和子雌鼠交配繁殖性能具有较大的优势。（2）遗传因子A，黄色肥胖糖尿病基因对小鼠血糖的影响显著。

Abstract:目的探讨氨基胍和骨化三醇联合抑制诱导型一氧化氮合酶/一氧化氮(iNOS/NO)表达与减轻肾移植急性排斥反应之间的关系。方法以健康雄性Wistar大鼠和SD大鼠作为供、受体建立肾移植模型。实验随机分为5组:I组为同基因移植组,II组为急性排斥对照组,III组为氨基胍治疗组,IV组为骨化三醇治疗组,V组为联合用药组;观察各组受鼠生存期和移植后5d肾组织病理学变化,检测血肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)及肾组织匀浆中iNOS/NO的变化。结果I～V组受者存活时间分别为(9.1±1.9)d、(5.3±0.8)d、(9.7±2.1)d、(8.6±1.6)d和(12.9±3.4)d。III、IV组受者存活期、肾功能、移植肾排斥反应程度及肾组织iNOS/NO表达水平较II组明显改善或降低(P<0.05);V组效果更佳(P<0.05),但对进一步减轻排斥反应无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论氨基胍和骨化三醇联用对减少移植肾iNOS/NO的表达有正协同作用,但不能进一步减轻排斥反应。

Abstract:Objective To establish a simple and convenient method for detection of nine alleles in rabbits(such as Adh etc.).Metheods Isozyme electrophoresis and cellulose acetate membrane technique were used to monitor the alleles in rabbits.Results There were 5 loci polymorphism and significant difference among the population.Conclusion A survey of alleles distribution was made at 11 genetic loci among 4 closed rabbit colonies using frequently in Beijing area.So we can expand some alleles to keep the gene stability.

Abstract:Objective To compare the disparity of nine isozymes in SPF and conventional rabbits,and to provide evidence for analyzing the influence of different genic background of rabbits on pyrogen test experiments.Methods Isozyme electrophoresis on cellulose acetate membrane method was used to detect 9 biochemical loci(such as ADH,etc.)in 40 conventional(from Beijing)and 40 SPF rabbits(from Shanghai).Results There were polymorphisms at 6 loci(such as ADH,etc).There were two differences between the SPF and conventional New-Zealand rabbits:at Gpd1 loci SPF rabbits did not have c gene,while conventional rabbits had c gene;at Idh1 loci SPF did not have ab gene,while there was c gene in the conventional rabbits.The single gene frequency at 3 loci ES,GPD-1 and MPI-1 was 82.5%(Esb),88.75%(Gpd-1a)and 70.%(Mpi-1a),respectively.Conclusion Since the considerable difference in gene polymorphisms and gene frequency between SPF and conventional rabbits,we would suggest that attention should be paid to select appropriate rabbit population and to consider the influence of decrease of gene polymorphisms in SPF rabbits on experiments such as pyrogen tests.

Abstract:目的 犬快速右心室起搏3周构建心衰模型，探讨心衰模型中单个心肌细胞动作电位变化。方法 采用对照研究的方法将10条杂种犬分成两组即起搏犬组和对照组。比较两组活体单个心肌细胞动作电位。结果 起搏犬起搏3周均出现心衰且心肌细胞动作电位复极90％时程及复极50％时程均较对照组明显延长。结论 在快速右心室起搏成功构建心衰模型中心肌细胞发生明显电重构。

Abstract:Objective In order to understand the microbial and paracitical infection status of experimental miniature pigs and prepare SPF purification program of those animals,a microbiological and parasitological study was carried out on three Chinese miniature gip species:Beijing Wuzhishan miniature pig,Guangxi Bama miniature pig and Guizhou Xiangzhu miniature pig.Methods Serum and ectoparasite samples of the pigs were collected to investigate the infection status of 17 microbes and parasites by serology and parasitology techniques.Results Different pathogens and infection rates were detected among the three miniature pig species.Conclusion Experimental miniature pigs should be introduced from animal subjects with low infection rate of pathogens and raised in a new environment before purification by caesarean section and confirmed to be microbiologically and parasitologically eligible.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the value of skin transplantation and DNA microsatellites techniques in genetic monitoring of cultivated inbred mice and rats and to prove if the cultivated animals are of the same inbred strain. Methods Skin autotransplatation and allotransplantation were performed on the back and tail of the mice and rats. Results The allotransplanation of skin on the back of 12 rats was succedded without rejection response. The allotransplanted skin on the back of 12 mice survived in 11 and died in one mouse because of technical failure. The allotransplanted skin on the tail of 12 rats was alive in 11 and failed in one rat because of technical reasons. The allotransplanted skin on the tail of mice was alive in 10 mice, surgical failure in one mouse and one mouse died for undefined reason at 3 weeks after operation. No rejection response was observed in any rat or mouse with allotransplantion of back or tail skin at 100 days after operation. Conclusion The genetic monitoring by skin transplantation proved that those groups of cultivated rats and mice were of inbred strains.

Abstract:Objective To characterize the growth and reproductive performance of SPF C57BL/6J mice under SPF raising conditions.Methods 40 seed mice(20 male and 20 female mice,aged 80-90 days)were chosen and monogamously mated(B S).The parameters of growth and reproductive performance were analyzed.Results It was found that SPF C57BL/6J mice were growing slower in development after weaning.The reproductive performance of mice of the second and third birth sequence was best,and that of the fifth birth was the least.Conclusion Our findings indicate that to mate and breed SPF C57BL/6J mice should not be more than 5 births.

Abstract:Objective To study population genetic characteristics of Mongolian Gerbils in Zhejiang Laboratory Animal Center.Methods 27 loci of two colonies were determined with biochemical markers.Results The two colonies had high level of genetic diversity and low degree of genetic similarity.Compared with the original colony,the biological purifying colony had 17.86% gene lost,but the two colonied did not show apparent genetic differentiation(F ST<0.05).Conclusion The population deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P<0.05).

Abstract:目的 了解白僵菌致病性强弱。方法 按《微生物农药急性致病性试验方法》（试行）1998执行。结果 小鼠经腹腔染毒后主要中毒症状：被毛蓬松，活动减少，体重减轻。不同时间段处死小鼠巨检可见脾脏肿大，病理组织学镜检脾脏网内细胞增生明显，以淋巴细胞及单核细胞为主，并见有中性白细胞浸润，多核巨细胞明显增多。结论 白僵菌对小鼠具有弱致病性。

Abstract:目的 用^60Co-γ射线辐照饲料和高温高压消毒饲料饲喂SPF级ICR小鼠后的效果观察。方法 对两种不同方法灭菌的饲料分两组饲养动物进行比较、每周称重1次，并进行仔一代繁殖性能观察、测定。结果与结论 小鼠的生长、繁殖性能等指标均符合其生物学特性（P〉0．05）。

Abstract:目的 应用显微外科手术，建立3种小鼠血管损伤后再狭窄模型，分别比较造模方法和血管内膜病变形成的特征。方法 16．24周的C57BL／6小鼠，分别应用塑料微导管损伤、金属丝损伤及金属直弹簧丝损伤3种方法。对小鼠的股动脉、颈动脉进行造模，研究3种方法的关键技术要点，并分别于造模后1、2、4周后观察受损动脉内膜病变形成特点。结果 3种小鼠血管损伤后再狭窄模型的造模方法中，以微导管股动脉损伤模型最易操作，金属直弹簧丝股动脉损伤模型次之，金属丝颈动脉损伤模型难度较大。C57BL／6小鼠股动脉塑料微导管损伤后内膜增生病变不明显，但apoE缺损小鼠却见非常显著的内膜肥厚病变。金属直弹簧丝股动脉损伤模型稳定性较高，而金属丝颈动脉损伤模型内膜病变的个体差异较大。结论 目前最常用的3种小鼠血管损伤后再狭窄模型在关键技术及病变形成上具有一定的共性，但病变形成的病理过程和模型的稳定性不尽一致。

Abstract:目的 寻求一种简单有效的分离培养大鼠触须毛囊上皮细胞的方法。方法 将含有大鼠触须毛囊的颊侧组织剪去全层皮肤后拔出毛囊，在37℃缓慢搅拌（100r／min）的条件下加入0．2％胶原酶Ⅰ消化3h，然后经800目筛网过滤，收集带有毛囊上皮鞘的毛干，在25℃用0．1％的胰酶消化10min，最后收集消化后的上皮细胞进行培养，并检测角蛋白K19的表达。结果 两步酶消化法分离毛囊上皮细胞能显著降低工作强度、减少污染机会，极大提高了毛囊上皮细胞的分离效率。结论 两步酶消化法是一种简单有效的分离培养大鼠触须毛囊上皮细胞的方法。

Abstract:Objective To summarize the experience on tracheal intubation techniques for laboratory animals. Methods To properly choose appliance of tracheal intubation, implement appropriate approach of tracheal intubation, and prevent tracheal tube syndrome. Results The success rate of tracheal intubation reached to 100%. Conclusions A well understanding of anatomy of the larynx and trachea is the premise of a successful tracheal intubation. The technique used by us is easy to operate with a high success rate, allow to perform during large open-operation in laboratory animals, and deserves practical application.

Abstract:Objective To formulate national or trade standards of individually ventilated cages(IVC),physical parameters of IVCs from different factories were tested.Methods\ The IVCs were tested according to the standards of GB 14925,90/219/EEC and 98/81/EC.Results\ Compared with barrier facility,the noise of the IVCs is higher;parameters of gradient pressures and cleanse were greatly floating.Conclusion\ Standards of IVC should be carefully determined and can not be simply copied from those of laboratory animal barrier facilities.

Abstract:Animal scientific experiments have become the support terms of medical sciences. Individual Ventilated Cages which could save power source and prevent cross-contamination were popularly used in feeding of specific pathogens free animals, including mice and rats, It is important to recognize and choose correctly, and their history, applicability, merit or drawbacus were discussed in this article.

Abstract:This paper is a review on recent development of research on the relationship of the neurotransmitters in anxiety(monoamines,amino acids and neuropeptide systems)and the animal models used(e.g.elevated plus maze,light and dark box,Vogel's conflict test).