Abstract:Objective To observe the effects of different blood sampling sites on blood biochemical measurement in rats. Methods Blood samples were taken from different site of the rats. By using automatic biochemistry analyzer, a number of blood biochemical parameters were measured. Statistical analysis was performed to detect if there is significant difference among the values of blood samples taken from different sites in the rats. Results The values of some serum biochemical parameters obtained from samples taken from different sites differed significantly. The values of TP and ALB of blood taken from abdomial aorta or external jugular vein were significantly higher than those of blood taken from postcaval vein in the rats. The values of several parameters of the blood taken from orbital vein differed significantly from those from femoral vein blood samples. ConcIuslon It is important to unify the blood sampling sites in animals during chronic toxicity testing studies.

Abstract:Objective To observe the effects of blood sample preparation methods on biochemical values. Methods By using automatic biochemical analyzer, the biochemical values of blood samples prepared by different methods were compared, Results Some biochemical values of blood samples prepared by different methods were significantly different. Conclusion it is important to unify the preparation methods for blood samples in animals during chronic toxicity testing studies.

Abstract:Objective To observe the effects of preservation period of blood samples on biochemical measurement. Methods By using automatic biochemical analyzer, the biochemical values of blood samples after different preservation periods were measured and analyzed. Results The biochemical values of blood samples after different preservation periods differed significantly. The values of TP, ALB and CHO were more sensitive to preservation periods. Conclusion It is important to unify the nreservation neriod of blood samnles during chronic toxicity testing studies.

Abstract:Objective To observe the effects of preservation temperature of blood samples on biochemical measurement. Methods By using automatic biochemical analyzer, the biochemical values of blood samples preserved at different temperature were measured and analyzed. Results The biochemical values of blood samples preserved at different temperature differed significantly. The values of TP, ALB, ALT, CHO and TBil were more sensitive to preservation temperature. Conclusion It is important to unify the preservation temperature of blood samples during chronic toxicity testing studies.

Abstract:Objective In order to investigate the effects of chronic cerebral ischemia on cerebral acetylcholinesterase(AchE) activity and learning-memory function.Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to permanent bilateral common carotid artery ligation(BCAL).Learning-memory functions examined by water maze and step-through test were performed at 2 week,4 week and 8 week after cerebral ischemia.Cerebral cortical AchE activities were determined at 4 h,24 h,3 d,7 d,2 week,4 week and 8 week after operation of cerebral ischemia.Results In the water maze and step-through tests,each ischemia group showed deficit in learning-memory function since 2 week after BCAL and these deficits did not recover at 8 week after operation.In the cortex area of ischemia group rats,AchE activity was significantly increased from 4 h to 2 week after operation.Conclusion Permanent bilateral ligation of carotid arteries can cause chronic cerebral ischemia status and thus cause increase of acetylcholinesterase activity and learning-memory deficit.

Abstract:Objective Serum lipid and histopathological status were observed in apoE gene knockout mice of different genders and ages. Methods C57BLI6J-ApoE mice of two months and six months old were selected for content determination of serum TG, TC, HDL, LDL and ApoB protein, using C57BL/6J mice as controls. Mice hearts were subjected to rapid freezing and frozen sections were made. Slides were dyed with oil red OO to examine the formation of atheroselerosis spots. Results Serum TC and LDL contents in C57BL/6J-ApoE mice were much higher than those of C57BL/6J mice of the same gender and age, while the HDL content showed a reverse tendency. Significant difference was revealed in serum lipid fluctuation in C57BLI6J-ApoE mice of different genders and ages. ApoB level in C57BIJ6J-ApoE mice was remarkably higher than that in C57BL/6J mice of the same age and gender and was increasing evidently with the increase of age. Lipid plagues could be detected in the aorta traverse section of six-month-old ApoE mice. Conclusions The ApoE mice model shows a significant increase in the level of serum TC and LDL and a decease in the level of HDL compared with C57BL/6J mice. Serum lipid fluctuation is age and gender related. Lipid plagues have already formed as early as six months old .This established mouse mode may be of good use in cardiovascular diseases research.

Abstract:目的观察NF-κB活化阻断剂是否对盲肠结扎穿刺所致豚鼠急性肺损伤具有防治作用，探讨NF-κB活化阻断剂防治肠源性肺损伤的机制。方法用盲肠结扎穿刺（CLP）法建立豚鼠急性肺损伤模型，同时经口给予布洛芬167mg／kg和肌内注射维生素E174mg／kg预防和治疗，结合动脉血气分析、外周血白细胞计数、肺湿重／下重比值（W／D）及肺组织病理变化，免疫组化方法研究肺组织NF-κB的活化。结果CLP组动物在6h后开始缓慢出现症状，呼吸急促100～110次／min（正常呼吸80～95次／min），蜷缩，对外界刺激敏感；16h有少量泡沫状分泌物由鼻腔溢出，呼吸变得窘迫，倦怠，卧伏，不喜活动；24h呼吸窘迫十分显著，泡沫状分泌物（带血性）由鼻腔溢出明显增多，呼吸频率为100-140次／min；CLP24h内死亡率可达10％，24-40h死亡数可达30％，40～56h死亡数可达80％。动脉血氧分压（PaO2）在12h开始明显下降，24h以后有恶化趋势，PaO2持续低于10kPa，外周血白细胞计数从12h开始降低，24h明显降低。术后24h已经表现出急性肺损伤。肺组织NF-κB表达活跃。动物于2d左右出现大量死亡；给药组动物治疗和预防症状有缓解，预防组的最终死亡率为40％，治疗组为60％，肺组织NF-κB表达程度均较模型组低。结论在肺损伤早期联合应用NF-κB活化阻断剂进行预防，有助于提高ALI的存活率，能减缓肠源性肺损伤的发生和进展，减轻急性肺损伤症状，进而发挥阻止病程向多器官功能衰竭发展的重要作用，这种作用机制可能是通过抑制NF-κB活化实现的。

Abstract:目的通过阿霉素(Adriamycin,ADR)不同方案腹腔注射给药(Adriamycin,ADR)试图造成大鼠心衰,探讨建立大鼠阿霉素心衰动物模型的给药方案,为研究心衰的发病机制和有效治疗措施提供理想的动物模型。方法雄性Wistar大鼠40只,随机分成3组,模型A组(n=15),模型B组(n=15),对照组(n=10)。模型A组:腹腔注射ADR(4 mg/kg体重,用注射用水配制成2 mg/mL溶液,即2 mL/kg体重),每周1次,共6周,累积总量24 mg/kg体重;模型B组:腹腔注射ADR(2.5 mg/kg体重,用注射用水配制成2 mg/mL溶液,即1.25 mL/kg体重),每周3次,共2周,累积总量15 mg/kg体重;对照组:注射相同体积的注射用水。于末次注射停药后2周,测量体重(BW)、心室质量(VW)、动脉收缩压(SAP)、动脉舒张压(DAP)、左室收缩压(LVSP)、左室舒张末压(LVEDP)及左室最大压力上升及下降速度(±dp/dtmax),并作病理切片观察其组织学变化。结果与对照组相比,模型A组SAP、LVSP、±dp/dtmax均明显降低,LVEDP明显升高;病理学结果证实符合心肌病样改变。模型B组则改变不明显,但心外损害严重,死亡率高。结论多次间断腹腔注射一定剂量的阿霉素可明显损害心脏的功能,是建立大鼠慢性充血性心力衰竭模型的一种简便可靠的方法。

Abstract:Objective To observe the pathomorphological characteristics of acute bromadiolone poisoning in guinea pigs. Methods Isolate and identify pathogenic bacterial strain from the intoxicated guinea pigs, and dissect the animals for histopathological examination and toxicological analysis. Results No growth of pathogenic bacterial strain was observed in the blood in the heart, liver, mesenteric lymph nodes or small intestinal and cecal contents of the guinea pigs. The result of autopsy was well consistent with that of histopathological examination, The pathomorphological changes were revealed as extensive and extreme congestion in systemic tissues and organs, flecked bleeding in lung and heart muscle, flecked and diffuse bleeding in gastrointestinal tract, acute hemorrhagic and catarrhal gastrocnteritis, degeneration of parenchymatous organs such as heart, liver, kidney and adrenal, and diffuse pulmonary emphysema, Bromadiulone was detected in the intoxicated guinea pigs. Conclusion The pathological changes of guinea pigs, which were orally administered with bromadiolone, are characteristic of anticoagulant poisoning, The study provided a reliable basis for rapid diagnosis and treatment of bromadiolone poisoning.

Abstract:目的通过大鼠自体原位。肾移植建立。肾脏缺血再灌注损伤（ischemia-reperfusion injury，IRI）模型．并观察其稳定性。方法雄性SD大鼠30只，假于术组（A组）10只，自体原佗。肾移植组（B组）10只，观察模型稳定性组（C组）10只。A组：不行左肾蒂血管阻断和灌注，无IRI，而单纯低温保存左。肾4h后结扎右肾蒂；B组和C组：左。肾蒂血管阻断和灌注，低温保存4h后结扎右。肾蒂，开放血流。A组和B组取血和左肾检查，C组观察存活情况。结果B组4h、24h的血肌酐、尿素氮水平明显高于A组，筹异有显著性（P〈0．01）；A组大鼠。肾脏未见明显病理改变，而B组呈典型的IRI改变；C组大鼠均健康存活2周，无感染发生。结论该大鼠。肾脏IRI模型的建立操作简便，手术难度低、成功率高，稳定性良好，是研究。肾移植IRI的理想动物模型。

Abstract:目的探讨不同剂量盐酸氯胺酮麻醉高原鼠兔的效果。方法将48只高原鼠兔随机分成4组,按22、33、44 mg/kg体重给予盐酸氯胺酮行肌内注射麻醉,第4组注射生理盐水0.15 mL。结果给予盐酸氯胺酮后高原鼠兔分别在(110.0±6.74)s(、122.73±11.76)s(、117.27±21.11)s进入麻醉状态,维持时间分别为(1418.18±42.25)(、1680.00±117.80)(、1929.09±88.48)s。高原鼠兔麻醉前和麻醉维持期间不同剂量组的呼吸频率、心跳频率和体温差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论盐酸氯胺酮行肌内注射麻醉是一种有效而安全的麻醉方法,适宜剂量为肌内注射22~44 mg/kg体重,能为高原鼠兔的应用提供良好的麻醉效果。

Abstract:Objective To observe the anti-tumor effect of Chinese medicine,Fuganchun 6(FGC-6) and the synergetic effect of FGC-6 and 5-Fu on mouse hepatoma.Methods Transplanted H_(22) tumor in mice were made and the mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: model group,high and low 5-Fu dose treated groups,high and low FGC-6 dose treated groups and combined both drugs treated group.These mice were treated for 10 days.The weight changes of H_(22) hepatoma were observed, the target cell-killing activity of NK cells,the lymphocyte proliferation activity and the IL-2 induction level of murine splenocytes were assayed,respectively.Results Growth of H_(22) tumor was markedly inhibited by FGC-6 and 5-Fu.Compared with the model group,the difference was significant(P<0.05).The q,value which calculated with Jin Formula was 1.37,bigger than 1.15.Compared with the model group,high FGC-6 dose or combined both drugs increased the target cell-killing activity of NK cells,the lymphocyte proliferation activity and the IL-2 products(P<0.05),but high 5-Fu dose decreased them(P<0.05).Conclusion FGC-6 can inhibit the growth of transplanted H_(22) tumor.The mechanism of its action may be related with improving the immunity of tumor-bearing mice.Furthermore,there is synergetic antitumor effect when low FGC-6 dose and low 5-Fu dose are combined to treat the mice.

Abstract:Objective To study the content of 8 mineral elements in the heart,liver and lungs of SPF BALB/c nude mice.Methods The contents of Zn,Cu,Fe,Ca,Mg,Mn,P,S in the heart,liver and lungs of BALB/c nude mice homozygotes(nu/nu)were determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES).Results There were significant differences in the contents of Zn,Mg,Mn,P,S in the heart,liver and lung between male and female BALB/c nude mice.There were also significant differences in the contents of Zn,Cu,Ca,Mg,Mn,P, S in the three organs.The sequence of mineral element content in the heart,liver and lungs in male and female BALB/c nude mice was uniform.Conclusion The distribution of mineral elements in the heart,liver and lungs of BALB/c nude mice shows some regularities.The contents of some elements in the heart,liver and lungs of BALB/c nude mice are to certain extent affected by gender.

Abstract:Objective To screen the microsattellite DNA loci of Mongolian gerbil from mice and rats. Method 62 microsatellite DNA loci were expanded with PCR. Result Eight micmsatellite loci were filtrated. Among them 6 loci were hybrid and 4 loci were polymorphism. Conclusion Microsattelite DNA loci of Mongolian gerbil partly match to those of rats and mice.

Abstract:目的应用3种常用方法,建立衰老动物模型并且对其进行评价。方法分别以胸腺摘除法、D-半乳糖注射法和臭氧(O3)损伤法建立大鼠衰老动物模型,并以血清过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、血糖、血清胆固醇、胸腺指数、脾脏指数、耐寒能力作为指标,分别以青年鼠10只和老龄鼠10只为对照组进行评测。结果胸腺摘除法,胸腺摘除组大鼠血清SOD值为(298.76±50.28)NU/mL,MDA为(6.65±0.56)μmol/L;耐冻试验显示,胸腺摘除组大鼠抗应激能力下降;与老年对照组比较差异不显著(p>0.05),与青年对照组比较差异显著(p<0.01)。D-半乳糖法,D-半乳糖注射组大鼠血糖(11.65±2.82)mmol/L、血清胆固醇(1.70±0.40)mmol/L升高;血清SOD值为(288.15±46.58)NU/mL,MDA为(6.85±0.72)μmol/L;与老年对照组比较差异不显著(p>0.05),与青年对照组比较差异显著,p<0.01。臭氧损伤法,臭氧吸入组大鼠胸腺指数(64.2±0.3)mg/100 g和脾脏指数(41.4±0.3)mg/100g下降;血清SOD值为(279.48±33.26)NU/mL,MDA为(6.18±0.45)μmol/L;与老年对照组比较差异不显著(p>0.05);与青年对照组比较差异显著(p<0.01)。结论上述3种造模方法均切实可行,有较高的实用价值。

Abstract:IVC system is a kind of modes of feeding laboratory animals,being developed rapidly in the world at present.This mode have advantages such as safe and economy,etc.This article will introduce an overview of the progress both at home and abroad from several aspects: the system supplies gas and exhausts;the air quality in the box,the transmission and detection of microorganisms,physiology and breeding of experimental animals,etc.Finally,to look forward the future application of IVC system in our country.