Abstract:Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of berberine on type 2 diabetic Chinese hamsters.Methods To establish a type 2 diabetic Chinese hamster model by injection of low-dose STZ intraperitoneally based on high fat and energy diet feeding.The animals were randomly divided into 9 groups,and each group was fed with physiological saline,low dose(50 mg/kg) of Berberine,moderate dose (150 mg/kg) of Berberine,high dose(300 mg/kg) of Berberine,and metformin to treat the type 2 diabetic Chinese hamsters.The curative effect of Berberine was observed and compared.Results Berberine showed obvious glucose-decreasing and lipid-decreasing effect,which had some effect related to its time and dose,and there were the same glucose-decreasing effect as metformin group and mild pharmacological action after treatment in moderate dose Berberine group.Berberine also could enhance the sensitivity to insulin.Conclusion Low-dose STZ injected intraperitoneally combined with high fat and energy diet is an excellent method to induce type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese hamsters.Berberine has significant decreasing effect on blood glucose and lipid level,improves is glucose tolerance and enhances the sensitivity to insulin in type 2 diabetic Chinese hamsters.

Abstract:目的建立cTnTR141W扩张型心肌病的转基因小鼠模型。方法把cTnTR141W基因插入-αMHC启动子下游,构建转基因表达载体,通过显微注射法建立cTnTR141W转基因C57BL/6J小鼠。PCR鉴定cTnTR141W转基因小鼠的基因表型,实时PCR检测基因的拷贝数,Northern blotting检测基因表达,光学显微镜和超声检测cTnTR141W转基因小鼠心脏的病理改变。结果建立了3个系的cTnTR141W转基因小鼠。3个系的基因拷贝数分别是15、20和59拷贝。cTnTR141W基因在心脏组织的表达水平高于内源性cTnT。病理分析显示cTnTR141W转基因小鼠心房心室明显大于野生型,心室壁明显变薄,心肌细胞不均匀肥大,心肌间质纤维增多。超声检查显示心室腔明显扩大,收缩期容积和舒张期容积显著增大,射血分数、短轴缩短率、室壁运动度明显降低。结论cTnTR141W转基因小鼠的全心扩大,室壁变薄,心肌细胞肥大,间质纤维化以及心肌收缩力下降,说明成功建立了cTnTR141W转基因小鼠扩张型心肌病模型,为研究扩张型心肌病发病机制和药物研发提供了有价值的动物模型。

Abstract:Objective To compare the results of BAMA miniature pig and human acellular dermal matrix(ADM) grafting,based on a Wistar rat full-thickness skin wound model.Methods ADMs were obtained from BAMA miniature pig and human skin removed by dermatotome,and irradiated for a dose of 30 kGy.Then,the two ADMs were used to cover the full-thickness skin wound in Wistar rats.The changes of wound surface,including biocompatibility,process of vascularization and shrinkage rate,were recorded until concrescence.Results The wound surface of BAMA miniature pig and human ADM grafting healed about 1 month later.Histological examination showed that inflammatory reaction on BAMA miniature pig ADM was more prominent than that on human ADM.Also,vascularization and fibroblasts immigration into BAMA miniature pig ADM was slower than those into human ADM.However,there was no significant difference between their shrinkage rates.Conclusion The results of this study indicated that biocompatibility and vascularization of BAMA miniature pig ADM is not as good as those of human ADM,mainly caused by the difference between their protein composition.

Abstract:Objective To establish a hyperlipidemia animal model induced by high-fat diet,and observe the dynamic variation of the serum lipid levels at different time.Methods The C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 2 groups.The control group was fed with standard diet,the model group fed with high-fat diet.The serum TG,TC,HDL,LDL,ALT,albumin,and BUN were assayed at 0,1,2,3,4,5,7,9,1 1,17 weeks.Some mice were killed and the heart,liver and kidney were taken and HE-stained sections were prepared for histopathological examination.Then high-fat diet of the model group was changed to standard diet.After 4 weeks all mice were killed and the serum contents of each substance were detected.Results The levels of lipid and ALT in serum rose rapidly after 1 week of high-fat diet,and stay at a high level throughout the duration of 3-11weeks,then decreased a little.Pathological changes were observed in the heart and liver.The serum lipid and ALT levels decreased rapidly to normal level after stopping high-fat diet.Conclusion Feeding with high-fat diet can induce hyperlipidemia in mice rapidly and reliably.

Abstract:Objective To establish a mouse model of ischemia postconditioning and assess the cardioprotective function and effective factors of postconditioning to ischemia-reperfusion.Methods 120 male adult KM mice were randomly undergone three different treatment: postconditioning,ischemia reperfusion and sham operation.Postconditioning group undergone open-chest surgery to induce left coronary artery occlusion and reperfused for 3 h,after LCA occlusion,several cycles of 10 s reperfusion followed by 10 s LCA re-occlusion were applied during the early minutes of reperfusion.Ischemic size and infarct size were measured by Evans blue and TTC staining,respectively,to assess the level of plasma CK,MDA,SOD and evaluate hemodynamics in different groups.Result The infarct size was smaller in Postcon1,Postcon2 and Precon Postcon groups than in Control(p<0.05).There was no further reduction in infarct size with 6 cycles of Post-con and Preconditioning(p>0.05).The reduction in infarct size was lost with delayed Post-con.Meanwhile,the levels of plasma CK,MDA and SOD were decreased and hemodynamics was improved by postconditioning.Conclusions Ischemiia postconditioning at onset of reperfusion obviously reduces myocardial injury in the mice model.

Abstract:目的建立较稳定的异基因骨髓移植急性移植物抗宿主病动物模型,为异基因骨髓移植后的急性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD)的相关研究提供实验参照。方法以雄性SD大鼠为供鼠,雌性Wistar大鼠为受鼠,受体大鼠随机分成A、B、C、D、E 5组,移植当天所有受鼠均接受8.5 GY的全身照射(TBI),于照射后4~6 h内,A组回输等量培养液,B组经尾静脉输注供鼠骨髓细胞(2×108个/kg),C、D、E组分别回输供鼠骨髓细胞(2×108个/kg) 不同比例的脾细胞。观察各组大鼠生存期、外周白细胞计数、及有无aGVHD的临床及病理表现。结果A组大鼠于15d内全部死亡,外周血白细胞计数明显减低,骨髓病理示造血组织减少,提示死于造血衰竭。B、C、D、E组大鼠外周血白细胞计数均有明显恢复,B组大鼠8只存活超过50 d,C、D、E组大鼠均于50 d观察期内死亡,并有aGVHD的临床表现及病理表现,但C组大鼠aGVHD的程度较轻且时间不集中,其中D、E组大鼠可于相对集中的时间内观察到典型aGVHD临床及病理。结论TBI预处理的方式是可行的,单纯输入异基因骨髓细胞不能引起明显的aGVHD,骨髓细胞与脾细胞1∶1及1∶1.5混合组均可作为异基因骨髓移植后理想的aGVHD动物模型。

Abstract:目的探讨α-生育酚对神经元线粒体的保护作用。方法将神经元细胞进行分组,分为:(1)正常对照组,(2)单纯氧自由基损伤组,(3)α-生育酚保护组。利用Fenton反应造成神经元细胞氧自由基损伤,用激光共聚焦显微镜观察各组神经元JC-1染色结果,并检测各组神经元琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)和细胞色素氧化酶(CCO)活性。结果(1)JC-1染色结果分析:α-生育酚保护组神经元线粒体功能强于单纯氧自由基损伤组。(2)SDH和CCO酶活性分析:α-生育酚保护组神经元SDH和CCO酶活性高于单纯氧自由基损伤组。结论α-生育酚可以有效对抗氧自由基对神经元线粒体的损伤。

Abstract:Objective To bolt RAPD marker from Carassius auratus red variety inbred strain C1HD.Methods Using 20 random primers from 80 primers,8 samples of inbred strain C1HD and common Carassius auratus red variety were analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD),respectively.Results A primer(S333) was observed to produce a specific band.Conclusion This band could be used as a molecular marker for discriminating Carassius auratus red variety inbred strain C1HD from common population.

Abstract:Objective To assess the effect of mitochondria from cumulus granular cells transplanted into early embryos of aging mice.Metheds Kunming mice were used as experiment animal model,and the cumulus granular cells,oocytes,zygotes were used as experimental material.Mitochondria were taken from cumulus granular cells,purified and injected into oocytes and zygotes of ageing mice.Results The blastulation rate of ICSI group and ICSI MIT group were 24.98% and 32.54%,respectively,(P<0.05).The cleavage rate and blastulation rate in the sham injection group were 39.33% and 19.67%,those of MIT group were 67.90% and 51.54%,respectively.There was a significant difference between the sham injection and MIT groups(P<0.05). Conclusion Mithochondria transplantation can improve the development potential of early embryos of ageing mouse.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the MRI features of normal uterus and fetal development during late stage of pregnancy in rhesus monkeys.Methods Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) at 1.5 Tesla was performed in 3 adult female rhesus and 3 rhesus at 135 days of pregnancy.The MRI signal intensity and anatomic structure of normal uterus and characteristics of fetuses were retrospectively evaluated.Results On coronal T_1weighted images,the normal uterus wall showed moderate signal intensity with a elliptic shape.While on sagital view,the uteri appeared a cucurbit shape on T_2 weighted images(T2WI),and three layers of the structure of uterus wall depicting different signals were noticed.On sagital section(T2WI),the signal intensity of muscular wall of uterus body was slightly higher than that of cervix,the signal transition zone was at the junction zone of the uterine body and cervix.During late stage of pregnancy,the uteri were enlarged markedly but the uterus wall was substantially thinned.The placenta,brain,spinal cord,liver and lung of the fetus were well demonstrated.Conclusion MRI imaging can well demonstrate the shape,size and wall layers of uterus and anatomic structures of the fetus.It is a noninvasive approach for evaluating the female genital organ changes and may be helpful in detection of possible abnormal development of fetus in humans.

Abstract:目的研究缺镁后补镁对大鼠机体抗氧化能力的影响。方法试验分两个饲养阶段:0~3周和4~6周。基础日粮含镁0.07%。第一阶段3组动物均饲喂基础低镁日粮;第二阶段,一组继续饲喂基础低镁日粮,第二组饲喂0.27%镁(补无机镁0.2%)日粮,第三组饲喂0.27%镁(补有机镁0.2%)日粮。试验末测血清镁水平,丙二醛(melon deldehade,MDA)含量和抗氧化酶活性。结果在试验第一阶段,血清镁显著降低(P<0.05),第二阶段添加0.2%镁提高了血清镁和脏器抗氧化酶活性(过氧化氢酶;超氧化物歧化酶;谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶)(P<0.05),降低了MDA水平(P<0.05)。并且添加有机镁比添加无机镁抗氧化酶活性更高(P<0.05)。结论镁缺乏动物机体抗氧化能力下降,补镁0.2%或0.4%均可提高大鼠机体抗氧化能力。

Abstract:目的研究饲料中不同的钙磷含量和钙磷比对生长期实验大鼠体重及骨骼发育的影响。方法采用完全随机化设计方案,取1月龄(100±10)g清洁级Wistar雄性大鼠70只,随机分成7组,每组10只,饲喂7种不同钙磷含量的饲料。自由采食,饮用去离子水,试验期42 d。各组于实验开始和结束时称重。试验结束后,处死动物并分离一侧胫骨和股骨用于实验指标的检测。结果当保持饲料中钙或者磷中的一种含量不变的情况下,调整另一种的含量即改变钙磷比例时,1.2∶1的正常钙磷比例组生长期实验大鼠增重及骨骼发育要明显好于0.4∶1的低钙磷比例组和4∶1的高钙磷比例组(P<0.05),并且当保持饲料中钙磷比例不变时,即使在低钙低磷和高钙高磷进食水平下,正常钙磷比例组大鼠增重及骨骼发育都较好,但低钙磷比例组和高钙磷比例组大鼠增重及骨骼发育则由于饲料中钙磷含量的变化波动较大(P<0.05)。结论饲料中钙和磷需按比例添加,如果两者绝对含量相差过大就会影响到动物的增重及骨骼发育,本实验证明饲料钙磷比为1.2∶1时生长期实验大鼠增重及骨骼发育较好。

Abstract:目的研究具有中医"热毒血瘀证"证候的大鼠血液成分和流变学变化,以阐释"热毒血瘀证"的生物学基础。方法大鼠腹腔注射内毒素即脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharide,LPS),连续8周,从中西医学不同视角,观察注射期间和注射后不同时间点大鼠症状表现,包括采集舌像、检测白细胞介素-1(interleukin-1,IL-1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-,αTNF-α)、血小板聚集、红细胞聚集和变形、血液粘度、血脂和凝血因子。结果注射毒素后大鼠活动减少,大便臭秽;尾部逐渐变得紫暗,舌质由红润变得暗、干涩、舌下静脉变长;给药第1周大鼠血液有凝血时间延长和血脂波动,随后有血液流变学异常和血细胞功能改变表现;4周至8周血小板聚集、血浆粘度和血脂升高。结论腹腔注射内毒素后,大鼠出现符合中医热毒血瘀证证候的舌像和体征,其生物学表现是一个动态过程首先是炎症反应并波及血液内成分变化和凝血变化,然后会引起微循环障碍和血流变的异常。这在一定程度反映中医"热毒血瘀证"的现代生物医学表现特征。

Abstract:Objective To improve the method of isolation of cardiomyocytes in guinea pigs and rats for patch clamp research.Method Cardiomyocytes were prepared by improved flow-maintained Langendorff perfusion method.The currents of potassium channels were recorded by whole-cell patch clamp.Results There were 50% calcium-tolerant cardiomyocytes after exposed to normal calcium concentration solution.A current of potassium channel could be recorded.Conclusion Cardiomyocytes with electrophysiological action can be obtained by the observation of perfusion pressure variation though flow-maintained Langendorff perfusion method.

Abstract:Objective To establish an animal model of pulmonary edema in piglets in order to serve the study on mechanisms and treatment of pulmonary edema.Method 20 piglets were randomized into control group(A) and model group(B),10 piglets in each group.Oleic acid 0.15 mL/kg was injected slowly into the animals in group B.The pathological changes of the lung tissue were examined,the lung water contents(LWC) and the ratio of lung wet weight(LWW) to lung dry weight(LDW) were calculated.Results The LWC,and the ratio of LWW to LDW in group B was significantly higher than that in group A(P<0.05).Conclusion An oleic acid-induced animal model of pulmonary edema in piglets has been successfully established.The pulmonary histopathological changes in this model are in accordance with the typical changes of pulmonary edema.It may provide an excellent animal model for studies on mechanisms and treatment of pulmonary edema.