Abstract:目的研究D-氨基半乳糖／内毒素所致大鼠急性肝衰竭模型中血清内TNF-α的来源及不同时间点的水平变化。方法取30只Wistar大鼠腹腔内注射D-氨基半乳糖／内毒素诱导大鼠急性肝衰竭模型（AHF组，n=30），于建模3h、6h、12h、24h、48h、72h各取5只动物检测其血清丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）与肝组织的病理形态学变化；采用ELISA检测不同时间点动物血清中TNF-α水平的变化；通过免疫组化法检测不同时间点动物肝、肺组织内TNF-α的表达。另取30只Wistar大鼠腹腔内注射等量生理盐水为正常对照（N组，n=30）。结果AHF组各时间点血清ALT的增高与N组相比有统计学差异（P〈0．05），肝脏内炎细胞浸润、坏死明显；AHF组与N组相比血清内TNF-α的增高在3h（P〈0．01）、6h（P〈0．05）有统计学差异；AHF组肺组织与N组相比TNF-α的表达在3h、6h、12h（均为P〈0．01）有统计学差异。结论本实验成功建立了大鼠AHF模型；TNF-α在此模型的早期阶段起重要作用；肺脏可能是血清内TNF-α的主要来源之一。

Abstract:Objective To investigate the effects of non-empirical factors including experimental operation,different raising style,the various Control Group,and addition of Vitamin C on physiological states of laboratory guinea pigs in GLP condition.Method Guinea pigs were divided into five groups with randomization by the computer software.The experiments were done in the GLP laboratory,where the temperature,humidity and noise were controlled according to the requirements.And the experiments were conducted according to the procedure recommended by the systemic anaphylaxis test in the Principle issued by the SFDA.Results In the allergizing period,the blank group and the dissolvent group had obvious distinction in the changes of body weight(P<0.05),which had no obvious distinction between the dissolvent group and the positive group during the three experimental stages(P>0.05).In comparison of the cage-raising style,the plastic box-raising style benefited the weight-increasing of pig guinea during the quarantine period(P<0.05).The body weight loss obviously in the group lack of Vitamin C compare to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions Although the circumstance condition was greatly improved under the GLP condition,the non-empirical factors obviously influenced the physiological states of laboratory guinea pig.

Abstract:目的研究D-半乳糖慢性中毒所致衰老模型鼠免疫功能与生化指标变化。方法制备D-半乳糖亚急性中毒导致的衰老鼠模型；给药第8周时以P815细胞腹腔注射免疫小鼠，诱导特异性CTL细胞并用MTT法检测CTL细胞杀伤活性；间隔1周后以10％淀粉腹腔注射，诱导腹腔巨噬细胞，吞噬中性红法检测腹腔巨噬细胞（Mφ）功能；给药第10周杀鼠，取胸腺计算胸腺指数；采用流式细胞术检测胸腺细胞凋亡情况；MTT法检测T淋巴细胞转化增殖功能与NK细胞杀伤活性；取脾细胞48h培养上清，检测IL-2、INF-γ、TNF三种TH1型细胞因子的活性；硫代巴比妥酸（TBA）法检测血清中丙二醛（MDA）含量，黄嘌呤氧化酶法检测血清中总超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性；ISP半自动生化分析仪检测血清中血糖（Glu）、总胆固醇（CHO）、甘油三酯（TG）的含量。结果衰老鼠胸腺指数低于对照组（P〈0．05）；胸腺细胞凋亡高于对照组（P〈0．05）；T淋巴细胞增殖率显著低于对照组（P〈0．05）；IL-2、INF-γ、TNF三种TH1型细胞因子的活性较对照组均显著降低（P〈0．05）；与对照组比较VE衰老鼠腹腔Mφ细胞吞噬功能明显降低（P〈0．05）、NK细胞杀伤活性也有所降低（P〈0．05），但CTL细胞的杀伤活性变化不明显（P〉0．05）。衰老模型鼠血清中MDA含量显著高于正常对照组（P〈0．05），衰老模型鼠血清总SOD含量显著低于正常对照组（P〈0．05）。模型鼠血清中的血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯含量显著高于正常对照组（P〈0．05）。结论D-半乳糖慢性中毒所致衰老模型鼠免疫功能明显减退，氧自由基MDA、SOD的改变及生化学指标血糖、血脂改变趋势与自然衰老的动物模型相一致。

Abstract:Objective To study the effect of iodine deficiency or excess on physical development of the second filial generation(F2) of Balb/c mice.Methods The mice were randomly divided into five groups(LI,NI,5 HI,10 HI,50 HI) by fed with water of different level of iodine.After three months,the mice mated and their second filial generations of 20-day and 40-day were observed.Results The serum thyroxine levels were lower than the normal in LI and 50 HI groups of 20-day and 40-day F2 mice.Compared with the second filial generation of 20-day mice in NI group,the weight of the body was decreased in LI group;the weight of the body,spleen,thymus were decreased,the length of the body,tail were shortened and the relative weight of the brain was increased in 50HI group.Compared with the second filial generation of 40-day mice in NI group,the weight of the body,spleen,thymus,adrenal gland were decreased,the length of the body was shorten and the relative weight of the brain was increased in LI group;the weight of the body was decreased and the length of the body,tail were shortened in 50HI group.Conclusions In mice,iodine deficiency and excess can cause hypothyroidism,then affect the physical development,and condition is more serious in iodine deficiency group.Balb/c mouse have high endurance to iodine excess,the development is later in 50HI group.

Abstract:目的探讨不同剂量碘过量对大鼠20日龄仔鼠垂体促甲状腺激素细胞的形态学影响。方法将断乳1个月的Wistar大鼠，雌雄各半，随机分为4组：NI组、10HI组、50HI组、100HI组。饲养3个月的雌雄大鼠1：1合笼交配产生仔鼠，断乳后的仔鼠喂养同上述大鼠。测定20日龄仔鼠垂体TSH细胞的体密度和面数密度。结果100HI组仔鼠垂体TSH细胞的体密度高于NI组，10HI、50HI与NI组相比无差异，各碘过量组的面数密度与NI组相比也无差别。结论大剂量碘过量可造成大鼠仔鼠乖体TSH细胞分泌颗粒蓄积，细胞体积增大。

Abstract:Objective To explore the normal values of blood routine and biochemical indexes of Chang-Bai piglet,and to provide the normal values for the experimental studies.Methods 20 male and 20 female Chang-Bai piglets of 2-3 months old were selected.The indexes of blood routine and biochemical indexes were measured,the values were compared with Ba-Ma small piglet,and statistical analyses were used.Results The mean values had no significant difference between the male and female piglets(P>0.05),The mean values of WBC,ALT and Ca~(2+) for Chang-Bai piglet were similar with that of Ba-Ma small piglet(P>0.05),The mean values of RBC,HGB,HCT,PLT,TP,Alb,BUN and AMY for Chang-Bai piglet were significantly lower than that of Ba-Ma small piglet,however the mean values of AST,TBIL,DBIL,Crea,and CK-MB were significantly higher than that of Ba-Ma small piglet(P<0.01).Conclusions This investigation demonstrated that Chang-Bai piglet had its own characteristic on physiology and biochemistry.

Abstract:目的观察不同子宫、卵巢切除术式对兔术后早期内分泌激素和骨代谢的影响。方法45只健康成年雌兔随机分为5组，Ⅰ组：单纯子宫全切除组；Ⅱ组：子宫全切＋单侧卵巢切除组；Ⅲ组：子宫全切＋双侧卵巢切除组；Ⅳ组：双侧卵巢切除组；Ⅴ组：对照组。测量术前、术后1、2、3个月的体重、雌二醇（E2）、甲状旁腺素（PTH）、血钙、血清碱性磷酸酶（ALK）和骨密度（BD）。结果术后第2、3个月，Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组出现烦躁不安和体重减轻的实验兔要显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组；术后第2个月，Ⅱ组E2浓度（17．66±6．06）pg／mL，显著降低，术后第3个月，血钙增高（3．86±0．11）mmol／L，第2椎骨骨密度显著降低，与对照组相比（P〈0．05），有显著差异；Ⅱ组术后第3个月PTH增高，但与对照组相比无显著差异（P〉0．05）。Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组术后第2个月起，E2、PTH、血钙、ALT和BD，与对照组相比均有显著改变。结论子宫切除术会影响雌兔内分泌的变化，只保留单侧卵巢时不能维持相应的正常生理功能。

Abstract:目的检测食蟹猴和猕猴血液生理、血液生化指标，分析食蟹猴和猕猴的生物学特性，初步建立食蟹猴和猕猴的常规血液生理生化检测指标。方法用日本光电MEK-5126K血球计数仪（动物芯片）、配套试剂盒检测及人工涂片染色镜检血液生理指标；贝克曼全自动生化分析仪CX5型分析血液生化指标。并对食蟹猴和猕猴猴雌雄之间及食蟹猴和猕猴之间进行比较。结果猕猴AST／ALT；食蟹猴的嗜酸性细胞、ALP、CK、GGR、CREA雌雄之间差异显著。食蟹猴与猕猴之间WBC、MCH、MCHC、嗜酸、单核、ALB、ALB／GLB、AST、AST／ALT、CK、LDH、GGR、CREA差异显著，其它指标差异不显著。结论初步建立了猕猴和食蟹猴的常规生物学数据，为评价食蟹猴和猕猴的生物学特性提供一定的数据基础，为其应用提供数据参考。

Abstract:目的探讨经皮冠状动脉内球囊封堵建立猪急性心肌梗死模型的方法。方法健康猪11只，4-5月龄，体重25～40kg。其中7例球囊置于第三间隔支动脉分出处，4例置于第二间隔支动脉分出处。试验前每只动物均进行缺血预适应，阻断前向血流1min、2min、5min，每次间隔60s，然后持续阻断前向血流60min。球囊扩张压力为2atm。观察心电图、心脏二维超声及冠状动脉和左心室造影。结果成功建立猪心肌梗死模型9例，2只因术中顽固性室颤死亡，死亡者一例为左前降支中段阻断，心电图及活检证实为广泛前壁心梗。共有7例发生室颤，其余5例均抢救成功。心电图显示急性心肌梗死典型图形变化，术后1h超声检查出现梗塞部位局部运动异常，心脏MRI检查出现梗塞部位首过灌注缺损，延迟强化。结论经皮腔内球囊封堵冠状动脉可成功建立猪急性心肌梗死模型，具有创伤小、动物生存时间长并易于术后饲养等优点。

Abstract:Recently ten years, study on bemorheology has been done in many clinical fields. It is found that many diseases lead to hemorheological abnormality, which may act as an important index for disease diagnosis and treatment. This paper summarizes the application of hemorheology in clinical diagnosis and disease treatment.

Abstract:自1981年发现艾滋病，HIV在全球范围内流行严重威胁人类健康。研制一种安全有效的HIV疫苗是控制这种恶性传染病的最大的希望。活载体疫苗、DNA疫苗等预防性疫苗取得了初步进展，并有部分疫苗已上Ⅰ期临床研究。已有多家科研机构投身于治疗性疫苗的研究，选用不同的物质加载于树突状细胞以达到治疗的目的，这可能会是艾滋病病人的新的曙光。

Abstract:M. pulmonis is not only an important pathogenic organism to laboratory rats and mice, but also is an extremely suitable model organism to study pathogenesis of human respiratory system. Much research about M. pulmonis is focused on the membrane protein, the variation of the membrane protein, pathogenicity, virulence factors, and so on. This paper gives a detailed introduction in molecular level, and summarises the advance of diagnostic methods.

Abstract:The ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is called I/R, is an important problem in the surgical practices. It plays an important role in the developing of pathology, such as the small intestine transplantation, the serious infection, the wound, the shock, the cardiorespiratory functional defeat. The consequence of intestinal I/R, not only causes partial histologic lesion of intestinal mucosa, more over may cause intestinal bacteria colony shifting, changes the intestines absorption function, as well as damages to the distance organ, even leads to the multi-systems organ function defect syndrome. This article explained its mechanism and prevention measure for the past few years and hoped to provide the basis for the future clinical work.

Abstract:The Major histocompatibility complex(MHC) of Macaca mulatta,also called Mamu antigen,is a gene cluster directly related to immune response.Evolution creates the highly polymorphic nature of the MHC genes,and this leads to changes in the number as well as the function of these genes in individual Macaca mulatta,and even the emergence of species-specific genes.Study on the genetic polymorphisms of Mamu is good to the development of biological disciplines and various experiments with Macaca mulatta as animal model.In this paper we described the features of Mamu genes and their correlations with diseases,and also partially emphasized on the characteristics of specific Mamu genes in Chinese Macaca mulatta.

Abstract:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) represents a syndrome of liver disease encompassing steatosis(fatty change),non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) and cirrhosis in the absence of alcohol abuse.NAFLD is now recognized as the most common type of liver disease and is emerging as a common medical problem.Along with the research and production of anti-fatty liver effects drugs,the animal models are also well developed.In recent years,NAFLD animal models have been successfully established in many species such as rat,sand rat,mice,rabbit,and piglets induced by diet,total parenteral nutrition,and methionine choline-deficient.These models provide new opportunities to study the pathogenesis and treatment of metabolic syndrome associated with NAFLD/NASH.Each animal model has its advantages and disadvantages.Using reasonable animal model may make it better to carry on the laboratory and clinical study of NAFLD/NASH.In this paper,we reviewed the progress in studies of preparation in animal models of NAFLD/NASH.

Abstract:A valuable technology of ovary cryopreservation and transplantation is developed to establish ovum bank,and has been advanced. This review summarizes the methods and research .progress on cryopreservation and transplantation of ovarian tissue in recent years.