Abstract:【Abstract】 Object Developing the apparatus for Object Recognition Task(ORT) in rats to evaluate recognitive behaviour activities in the rat. Methods Combing the advantage of mechanical engineering and animal behaviour developed the closed apparatus stimulating the nature environment for ORT in rats and validated its feasibility with ORT in rats. Results Both of 230±10g rats in the closed apparatus and open-field apparatus could discriminate the familiar object from the novel one in the test phase（P<0.01, P<0.05）. Moreover,the relative discrimination index was significantly different from the chance level（0）in the closed apparatus groups(P<0.01),the total exploration time for the objects in the test phase,and the absolute discrimination index of rats in the closed apparatus group were significant, if compared with open-field apparatus group(P<0.05）,however, the relative discrimination index was not significant.Meanwhile,both of male Wistar rats (230±10g and 340±10g) could discriminate the familiar object from the novel object in the test phase(P<0.01).The relative discrimination index was significantly different from the chance level（0）in the two groups(P<0.01, P<0.05), but there was not significant, if compared with each other. Conclusion The normal rats in the closed apparatus could discriminate the familiar object from the novel one in the test phase,performing the memory for the familiar object ,but the exploration level was better than the open-field group.The new closed apparatus stimulating the nature environment was the same as the open-field apparatus being used for ORT in rats .

Abstract:Galectins are a family of β-galactosides-binding proteins. They exist extensively in various animals. Galectins have been found to modulate important biological activities of cells such as adhesion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, signaling and immune response through binding to glycoproteins on cell surface. Recently, galectins have been found to be associated with HIV-1 infection and apoptosis of HIV-1-infected cells. Some promote HIV-1 infection and others modulate apoptosis of HIV-1 infected cells. In this paper, we will review the progress of studies on association of galectins with HIV infection and apoptosis of HIV-1 infected cells.

Abstract:Objective To study the influence of E2F1 gene knockout on the Hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells. Methods Cells from the peripheral blood, spleen and bone marrow of E2F1 knockout and wildtype mice were stained with kinds of antibodies, and analyzed by flow cytometry. Results Compared with wildtype mice, significant differences were found in the peripheral blood and bone marrow, pre B cell, myeloid progenitor cell and Hematopoietic stem cell in the E2F1 nockout mice. No. of Hematopoietic stem cell and progenitor cell decreased, and percent of G1 stage Hematopoietic stem cell decreased. Conclusion Hematopoietic stem cell and progenitor cell decreased in E2F1 gene knockout mice.

Abstract:Beclin1,the ortholog of yeast Atg6/Vps30,is a autophagy-specific gene in mammals,is also closely related to the tumor development.This paper has introduced its basic structure,the relevant functional proteins,and the relevant autophagy mechanism,summarized the relationships between autophagy, apoptosis and tumor.This article has also explored the potential of Beclin1 in the field of tumor treatment.

Abstract:【Abstract】 Objective To detect the inhibition of XE-TNFαm2 on SIV infection and apoptosis on SIV-infected cells in vitro. Method A series of 10-fold dilutions of XE-TNFαm2, SIVmac251 and CEMx -174 cells were cultured at 37癈 for 5 days. Anti-SIV activity was detected with P27 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The percentage of apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Result XE-TNFαm2 had low cytotoxicity to CEMx -174 cells，and could inhibit the cell infection of SIV. The highest percentage of inhibition was 40%. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that XE-TNFαm2 could inhibit SIV infection and conduct apoptosis on infected cells.

Abstract:The mechanism of insulin resistance is closely relative with the NF-κB signal path. The abnormal expression of NF-κB and its related gene in different part of organism directly and indirectly impact the occurrence of the insulin resistance. The purpose of this paper is to show the impact of NF-κB signaling pathway on insulin resistance in the liver, skeletal muscle and fat in order to illustrate the relationship between the NF-κB and the insulin resistance.

Abstract:Objective To develop a TaqMan MGB probe-based, sensitive and specific real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay for rapid detection of Cilia-associated respiratory (CAR) bacillus. Methods Primers and probes specific to 16S ribosomal RNA （16S rRNA） gene sequence of Cilia-associated respiratory bacillus were designed. A TaqMan MGB probe-based, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was established. The specificity, sensitivity and stability of the assay were assessed. Then, the established TaqMan MGB probe real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay was applied to detect Cilia-associated respiratory bacillus in 1344 clinical specimens during 2008-2012, compared with conventional PCR assay. Results The specificity of this established TaqMan MGB probe-based real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was high for detecting Cilia-associated respiratory bacillus, and there were no cross-reactivity with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pneumotropica, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The detection limits was 2.7 copies. The correlation coefficient and slope value of standard curve were 0.999 and -3.22, respectively and the efficiency of TaqMan MGB-based probe real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay was 104.432%. The TaqMan MGB-based probe real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay was preformed to detect Cilia-associated respiratory bacillus in 1344 clinical specimens, a total of 510 specimens were positive for Cilia-associated respiratory bacillus. TaqMan MGB-based probe real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR could detect Cilia-associated respiratory bacillus DNA from clinical specimens directly, and detection time is only 40 minutes. Conclusion The TaqMan MGB-based probe real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay was a reliable, specific, sensitive and useful tool for rapid detection of Cilia-associated respiratory bacillus.

Abstract:Objective To analysis TNF-α、TGF-β、ICAM-1 of peritoneal lavage fluid for IUD contraception rat model with non-invasive modeling and laparotomy modeling．Methods 50 SD female given birth mice were assigned into non-invasive、laparotom、non-invasive control、laparotom control and blank control groups randomly．Copper-IUD of noninvasive group were placed into mice unilateral uterine through vagina–cervix way and that of invasive group through intraperitoneal-uterus way，which were also operated for noninvasive control and laparotom control groups without IUD．16 days after modeling，TNF-α、TGF-β、ICAM-1 of abdominal cavity fluid and pathological change of endometrium would be observed．Results The TNF-a of laparotomy control group、intraperitoneal group and non-invasive group were significantly higher than blank control group（P<0.01 or P<0.05），compared with non-invasive group，a significant rise in the laparotomy group of TNF-a（P<0.01)；Compared with non-invasive control group，a significant rise in laparotomy control group of TNF-a（P<0.01）；The TGF-β of laparotomy control group、laparotomy group were significantly higher than blank control group（P<0.01 or P<0.05），compared with non-invasive group，a significant rise in the laparotomy group of TGF-β（P<0.01)；The ICAM-1 of all group but blank control group rised. The endometrium appeared epithelial defect、inflammatory cell infiltration、congestion、edema and hyperplasia、vascular dilatation and scattered in the thrombus for non-invasive group、intraperitoneal group，which were more obvious pathological injury in intraperitoneal group.Conclusion Compared with laparotomy placing IUD，non-invasive group IUD contraceptive rats model with non-invasive method were significantly decreased intraperitoneal interference factors which were not related to experimental purposes. IUD contraceptive rats with non-invasive method would better reflect clinical process of IUD contraceptive.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of caloric restriction(CR) on body mass, glucose and total cholesterol of C57 mice. Methods Thirty male C57 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group, high-energy group and low energy group, each group consisted of 10 mice, body mass and blood sugar were measured every two weeks, and serum total cholesterol was measured with ELISA method after six months. Results The body mass of high-energy group increased significantly than normal control group(P<0.01), the body mass of low energy group decreased significantly than normal control group (P<0.01); the blood glucose of high-energy group increased significantly than normal control group (P<0.01), the blood glucose of low energy group decreased significantly than normal control group (P<0.01); the serum total cholesterol levels of high-energy group increased significantly than normal control group (P<0.01). Conclusion Caloric restriction can significantly reduce the body mass and blood glucose in mice, while high-energy diet can significantly increase body mass, blood glucose and serum total cholesterol levels in mice. Caloric restriction can improve the glucose and lipid metabolic in C57 mice.

Abstract:MicroRNAs （miRNAs）, as small non-coding RNAs, have been found to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional levels. The studies on miRNAs are mainly focused on cancer tissues such as colorectal cancer, prostate cancer and human ovarian cancer because miRNAs expression has been found to change in cancer tissues and negatively regulate the cell proliferation. This review focus on the recent findings on miRNA expression and function in ovary.

Abstract:Objective To observe the effect of remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPostC) on macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1α) expression induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, and preliminary investigate the effect of RIPostC on inflammatory response. Methods A total of 77 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (280-310g) were randomly divided into 7 groups: (1) Sham group (S); (2) I/R 8 h group (I8); (3) I/R RIPostC 8 h group (R8); (4) I/R 24 h group (I24); (5) I/R RIPostC 24 h group (R24); (6) I/R 72 h group (I72); (7) I/R RIPostC 72 h group (R72). In the I/R groups, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models were induced; In the I/R RIPostC groups, limb RIPostC was carried out by three cycles of 10 min occlusion/10 min release of the bilateral femoral artery using clamps immediately after reperfusion. Real-time quantitative PCR (QTR-PCR), western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to observe the expression levels of MIP-1α. Results (1) The results of QRT-PCR demonstrated that the mRNA expression of MIP-1α were increased in both I/R and I/R R groups. I8, R8 and R24 groups were significantly increased (P<0.05). (2) Western blot showed that, compared with S group, the protein expression of MIP-1α were increased in both I/R and I/R R groups. I24, I72 groups were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with I/R group, the protein expression of MIP-1α were reduced in R24 and R72 groups, which R72 group was significantly decreased, with statistical significance (P<0.05). (3) The immunofluorescence results verify the conclusions of the Western blot. Conclusion MIP-1α involved in the inflammatory response induced by cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury in rats, and remote ischemic postconditioning probably reduce inflammatory response to protect brain followed ischemic-reperfusion injury.

Abstract:Objective：to establish human xenograft model on the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and observe its biological behavior have been reported , however ,there are also some problem on our works, improve some technique to obtain this model which is easy to be duplication. Methods : Human glioma cell line SWO-38 was implanted on the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane to observe the factors affecting the survival of the transplanted human glioma cells,growth characteristics of the transplanting tumor and the morphological feature . Result : human glioma model was successfully established and it show angiogenesis effects. Conclusions： this model can be easily duplicated and used in biological behavior observation and the research of the drug selection for antineoplastic drugs.

Abstract:With the change in the way of modern office, information technology and paperless office become a trend, the corresponding information management platforms and systems arose and put into use. The paper mainly through narrating the features of the Animal Experiments Information Management System used by National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, discussing the characteristic of network and platform of office methods.

Abstract:In order to strengthen the licensing administration of laboratory animal, we analyzed the data which comes from Zhejiang Municipality Administration Office of Laboratory Animal. Research results show that, the laboratory animal science of Zhejiang has developed rapidly in recent years, and has made great progress, promoted the development of related industries. However, there are still some problems in laboratory animal science in Zhejiang, such as lack of talented people, insufficient capacity of animals, low discipline status and so on.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate pathological changes of the cartilage and concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in blood and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in joint fluid with lappaconitine treating on rabbit knee osteoarthritis model copied by Hulth surgery. Methods: 42 New Zealand rabbits are copied osteoarthritis model by Hulth surgery, 6 animals were killed randomly 4 weeks later to be tested under microscope, and the remaining 36 rabbits were randomly divided into treatment group and model group, 0.5ml?kg-1 weight of intra-articular injection of lappaconitine with treatment group once a week for 4 weeks. The model group were given the same dose of saline. After 4、6、8 weeks, six animals were killed in the 2 groups respectively to take out tissue of the medial femoral condyle to make slice and HE staining to observe chondrocytes morphology, meanwhile, concentrations of IL-1β、MMP-2 were tested. Result: Compared to the model group, the Mankin’s score in treatment group is significantly lower(P <0.01) in 6 week, much significantly lower(P <0.001) in 8 week. The concentration of MMP-2 in joint fluid was lower in 4 week (P <0.05) and was significantly lower in 6 week(P <0.01). Conclusion: lappaconitine can reduce the concentrations of MMP-2 in joint fluid and protect the articular cartilage in arthritis. [Keywords] Lappaconitine; knee osteoarthritis; inflammatory cytokines

Abstract:【Abstract】 Objective To learn about the spontaneous non-neoplastic lesions and their incidences. Methods The control group of a combined chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity test include 60 male and 60 female Specific Pathogen-Free Wistar rats (4 weeks old ). The rats were acclimated for 1 week prior to initiation of the test. The rats were fed with conventional feed for 104 weeks and then sacrificed for histopathological examination. Results Various non-neoplastic lesions of the rats and their incidences were analyzed and reported. The lesions with high incidence in male rats occurred mainly in kidney, heart, liver and testis, and the lesions with high incidence in female rats occurred mainly in liver, adrenal gland and kidney. Conclusions The data about non-neoplastic lesions of Wistar rats reported in this paper can provide some reference for relevant technical staffs.

Abstract:【Abstract】Objective Leptin is a cytokine that is involved in the regulation of energy intake and expenditure, neurogenesis, immunity and lipid and glucose metabolism. Because the characteristics of metabolism and physiology in rats are more close to those of human beings than those of mice, Leptin-/- rat provided a good model to assess those effects. Methods Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) was used to disrupt the rat Leptin locus, creating heritable mutations that eliminate leptin function. The body weight of Leptin-/- rat was recorded at 4-16 weeks of age. The subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue was measured by MRI and the histopathology of pancreas was observated under light microscope. Serum biochemicals, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and glucose stimulated insulin secretion were determined at 4-months-old Leptin-/- rat. Results A F0 rat with the 8-bp deletion in Leptin gene ranging from 418 to 425 base pairs was gained, C-terminal 28 amino acids of Leptin were deleted. The body weight of Leptin-/- rat increased significantly from 5 weeks of age, and at 4-months-old increased by 52% compared with that of Leptin+/+ rat. Increased body weight mainly caused by excessive accumulation of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue by MRI, Histopathology observation showed that total islet volume of Leptin-/- rat was higher than Leptin+/+ rat at 2-months of age. Triglyceride and cholesterol levels in Leptin-/- rats were 8.4 and 1.8 times as high as those of Leptin+/+ rats at 4 months of age. Hyperinsulinemia and glucose intolerance was observed in Leptin-/- rats at the same age. Conclusion The Leptin-/- rats were created using TALENs. Our initial characterization showed that the Leptin-/- rats were obese, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipoidemia and glucose intolerance. The Leptin-/- rats could be used as the model for lipid and glucose metabolism, neurogenesis and immunity.