Abstract:Objective To research the reactivity of the airway of Zmu-1：DHP guinea pig to histamine and the expression of the histamine H1 receptor，and illuminate the relationship between the sensitivity of guinea pig airway and the amount of histamine H1 receptor. Methods Use the method of inhaling histamine and measure resistance of the airway and the dynamics of adaptation of lungs of guinea pig. In vitro，use histamine titration method and measure the contract of airway smooth muscle to the stimulation of histamine. Isotope labeling method is also used to measure the density and equilibrium dissociation constant of histamine H1 receptor. Results The resistance of the airway and the decrease rate of dynamic adaptability of Zmu-1：DHP is sharper than DHP if the concentration is larger than 0.5mg/ml，but the diversity is not significanse（P>0.05）. However，the sensitivity of male increases signaficantly than female in both two strains（P<0.01）. The contract of smooth muscle of Zmu-1：DHP guinea pig is significantly stronger than DHP（P<0.01-0.05）while the concentration of histamine is between 10-5-10-4M. In both two strains，the density and equilibrium dissociation constant of histamine H1 receptor shows almost nothing different（P>0.05）.Conclusion The contract of smooth muscle of Zmu-1：DHP is stronger than DHP to a certain extent of histaming and it is also relative to gender. The sensitivity to histamine in both strains，nevertheless，has no direct relationship to the amount of histamine receptor H1，which demonstrates that airway contraction might be caused by sensitivity of various receptors on the membrane of smooth muscle and the effect of mediums.

Abstract:Abstract Objective To observe the impact of different dosages of rotenone on behavior and dopamine content in stratium of rats, and explore the optimum experimental condition of PD rat model induced by rotenone injection. Methods The Lewis rats were subcutaneously injected by different dosage of rotenone (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/kg/day) for 28 days. The open field and inclined plane tests were used to evaluate the movement function and coordination, respectively. High performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical method was used to measure the content of dopamine in striatum. Results The survival rate of model rats decreased with the increase of rotenone dosage. The body weight of all 3 model groups declined significantly in a dose-dependent manner. The number of lattice and the stand-up times in the open field test decreased obviously in 3 groups of rotenone rats. The maximum angle of plane in the inclined plane test declined significantly in rotenone 1.5 mg/kg group compared with control. The dopamine content in striatum of rats reduced markedly in rotenone 1.5 mg/kg group. Conclusion Chronic exposure of rotenone at the dosage of 1.5 mg/kg could reproduce the behavioral and neurochemical features of PD.

Abstract:Animal models of myocardial contusion are playing an vital role on studying pathogenesis and treatment of human myocardial contusion. According to the method and destination, the animal models of myocardial contusion include open- ness and non- openness. Each kind has respective characteristics and applicative con- dition.

Abstract:Objective To compare the difference in physiological and biochemical parameters between Primary and the First Generation in Ningxiang pig. Methods The conventional method for the determination of 18 physiological indexes and 13 blood biochemical indexes of Ningxiang pig F0 generation and F1 generation. Results In F0 and F1 generation, 13 blood physiological indexes such as WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT has significant difference（P<0.05）; Some hematological parameters such as TBIL, BUN, TP, ALB / GLB, GLU has significant difference ( P< 0.05 ) ; Other indicators were not statistically different. Conclusions The results showed that the difference of blood physiological and biochemical parameters between two Generations in Ningxiang pig is significant. Ningxiang pig can be raised to be laboratory animal.

Abstract:Objective To simulate natural environmental factors of human skin tumor formation to establish photo-damaged skin tumor models in mice. Methods The study was designed by completely randomized factorial design. BALB / c mice that are light-sensitive were irradiated by UVC(56 mJ/cm2) every other day for 8 weeks and were treated topically with 100 µg of DMBA in 200 µl of acetone once a week until 7 weeks on the dorsal skin area after hair removed. The whole process was 12 weeks. The size and diameter of tumors were observed and measured every week. A dynamic growth-curve of tumor-bearing was depicted. The histopathology features of skin dyed by HE staining, Wright ' s staining and basement membrane were observed to explore Tumor formation and skin morphologic alteration . Results The mice in model group began to form typical epithelial papilloma at 6 week early and the rate of tumor-bearing were up to 100% at 9 week. Then, the number of tumor-bearing developed rapidly and gradually stabilized at 11-12 week to the average number of tumor-bearing up to (4.57±3.0) and the average tumor volume up to (44.91±4.6)mm3. However, the time of tumor happening in DMBA group mice was earlier than model group. The number of tumor-bearing in DMBA group reached a peak at 8.5 week, and then, had a downward trend. Furthermore, tumor spontaneous regression rate were high and the number of tumor-bearing were unstable. Conclusion DMBA is a main factor of the skin tumors modeling. UVC as an independent factor failed to induce skin tumors in the 12-week period. However, the combination of UVC with DMBA has interactive synergy effects on establishment of skin tumor models, which have excellent characteristics of high rate of tumor-bearing, time unified, the large number of harvest and good stabilization. It is a straight, stable and simple experimental tool for anticancer drugs and mechanism study on skin tumor.

Abstract:[Abstract] Objective To compare the efficiency of two RNA extraction methods in the MNV detection. Methods Trizol and QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit were used to extract RNA of intestine tissue from MNV infected mouse and RAW264.7 cells infected by MNV; the RNA concentrations by the two methods were compared; and the efficiency in MNV amplification were also analyzed between the two methods by one step RT-PCR with MNV specific primers. Results the intestine RNA concentration extracted by Trizol was higher than that by QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit; the concentration of RNA from MNV infected RAW264.7 by Trizol was lower than that by QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit. A specific MNV band can be amplified from RNA extracted by QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit, but not from RNA by Trizol. Conclusion QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit is more efficient in the extraction of MNV RNA.

Abstract:Objective: To review the methods of stress model in tumor-bearing animal, and to analyze the perspective of the stress in tumor development role mechanism. Methods: A computer-based online search was performed using key words of “stress, animal model, murine, and evaluate” for documents on VIP and PuMed from 2000 to 2013. Repetitive papers were excluded. Results: A total of 596 documents were collected, including 156 in Chinese and 440 in English. By reading titles and abstract, 30 papers were included in the final analysis. Conclusion: It is provided a new approach to further explore the stress in tumor pathogenesis mechanisms, and screening antitumor drugs.

Abstract:Cerebral ischemia can cause neuronal injury,and effect nerve function . Neural stem cells (NSCs) can proliferate and differentiate into new neurons under certain conditions, Which involved in the repair of neurological function after cerebral ischemia. In this paper, Review the mechanism of the components and modulators in the Wnt signaling pathway，the effect of Wnt pathway，the neurogenic factors and promoting neurogenesis factors on the neurogenesis.

Abstract:Objective To develop a high accuracy method for non-invasive intratracheal instillation in rats. Methods The plastic catheter of disposable venous infusion needle was cut into a cannula,which was then intubated by transillumination.A microsyringe was introduced into the rat trachea through the cannula before the intratracheal instillation of saline solution was performed.The instilled volume ranged from 5μl to 200μl and the accuracy is 1μl. Results The intratracheal instillation operation was performed successfully for 50 times in 10 rats weighing 200~350g.The general health status was not affected during or after the operation in the rats.Conclusion The method developed in our study for intratracheal instillation is characterized by non-invasion, accuracy and safety,which could be widely used in intratracheal drug administration or poisoning in rats.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the population genetics of three groups of closed colony rabbits：Japanese white rabbits(JWR)，Chinchilla rabbits(CR)，and New Zealand rabbits(NZWR)．Methods 18 microsatellite loci were selected and tested by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(HWE)，and the values of the allele frequency，observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity，the F-statistic value and the genetic distance were counted. Resualts In three populations, the average number of observed alleles respectively are 3.167、4.556、3.444;The average observed heterozygosity respectively are 0.444、0.5230、0.4976;The average polymorphism information content(PIC) respectively are 0.410、0.549、0.470. Four loci showed evident deviation from that of the HWE(P<0.05) and two loci of Sat13 and INRCCDDV0088 are completely homozygous in JWR population; There are two loci evident deviation from HWE in CR and NZW. The genetic distance of CR and NZW is 0.124, while that of CR and JWR being 0.320 and JWR and CR being 0.310. Conclusions Three populations have different genetic characteristics, whose genetic diversity are relatively rich. Several loci are evident deviation from that of the HWE, which probably indicates that certain problems exist in the process of artificial breeding.

Abstract:Objective To study the effects of methyl iodide to synthesis function of rat liver.Methods Twenty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, put them into the static exposure tank. Three experimental groups were given the methyl iodide with concentrations of 650mg/m3, 260mg/m3and130mg/m3 respectively for a week period of time. The duration of daily inhalation was 4 hours, The control group was given the same environmental conditions without exposure. At the end of the exposure，the content of serum total protein (TP), the content of serum albumin(ALB), the content of serum globulin (GLO) and the activity of serum cholinesterase (CHE) were measured. Results With the increase of methyl iodide concentration, the the content of TP of rats decreased. There was significant difference between experimental groups and control group,and there was also significant difference between high dose group with middle and low dose group. The content of ALB gradually decreased with the increase of the concentration of methyl iodide. There was significant difference between the experimental group and the control group, and there was also significant difference between high dose group with middle and low dose group. The content of GLO changed little with the increase of the concentration of methyl iodide,there was no significant difference between each group. The activity of CHE gradually decreased with the increase of the concentration of methyl iodide ,and there was significant difference between each group. Conclusions Methyl iodide exposure may has the effect of synthesis function of rat liver.

Abstract:Abstract: Objective To measurement normal range of the blood routine values and blood biochemical parameters of the GFP Transgenic Nude Mice. To provide a basis for future research. Methods 6~8 weeks male and female 30 mice in each, were used in this experiment. Blood samples were measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Compared the differences between GFP Transgenic Nude Mice with BALB/c Nude Mic eand sexes. Results ①The comparison between GFP Transgenic Nude Mice and BALB/c Nude Mice revealed the values of WBC、URE、MCHC、GLU showed very significant difference( P<0.01); HGB、RDW、PLT、UA difference ( P<0.05).②Making a comparison of the male and female of GFP Transgenic Nude Mice, the values of RDW、MCH、MCHC、PLT、G、TC、HDL-TC showed very significant difference( P<0.01); ALB、GLU showed difference ( P<0.05). Conclusion There were some differences to some blood indicators between the male and female GFP Transgenic Nude Mice, the above data could be useful in the biomedical researches.

Abstract:Objective The aims of this study were to assess the feasibility of coronary artery in C57BL/6 mice With a high frequency ultrasound system and to provide evidence for preparation the murine model of KD. Methods Totally 20 mice were chosen and Visualsonics Vevo 770 UBM was used in this study. On weeks 4, 8 and 12, the developmental changes and dimensions of coronary artery of the mice were measured by echocardiography. Results By echocardiography, the present study successfully detected coronary artery diameter in the murine model of KD. On week 4, the diameter of left coronary artery in the mice was 0.32?.14 mm, and the diameter of right coronary artery was 0.37?.02 mm, On week 8, the diameter of left coronary artery in the mice was 0.38?.06 mm, and the diameter of right coronary artery was 0.37?.02 mm; on week 12, the diameter of left coronary artery in the mice was 0.38?.02 mm, and the diameter of right coronary artery was 0.39?.03 mm. Conclusions The present study successfully detected coronary arteries by echocardiography, and the diameter of coronary artery in the mice could be measured which way be benefit for the study in the murine model of coronary arteries disease.

Abstract:Objective To construct metastasis-associated tumor gene 1(MTA1) stably-over-expressing mouse model by inserting the full human MTA1 CDS to the genome of C57BL/6J mouse. Method MTA1 gene was cloned form human with RT-PCR, The cloned MTA1 gene was then inserted eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1 to construct of pcDNA3.1-MTA1 carrier. The transgenic mouse were produced by microinjection method and the genotype was detected by PCR with specific primers. The expression profiles of MTA1 in body tissues were illustrated by Western-blot and immunohistochemical . Results Three hundred mouse zygotes were treated with transgenic vectors DNA by microinjection and then transplanted into ten artificial pregnant female mice. Ten of these mice were gravid . The transplantation rate was 100% .A total of 80 F0 mice were obtained, of which 9 were carrier MTA1 gene screened by PCR. The positive rate of transgenic mice was 11.25% (9/80) . Four lines of MTA1 transgenic mouse were established. MTA1 in transgenic mouse with tissue-specific distribution and the expression levels of the MTA1 gene in brain, liver, lung and colon from transgenic mouse were higher than those form control mice.But, kidney and skeletal muscle showed no difference. Conclusion Brain, liver, lung and colon of stably-over -expressing MTA1 transgenic mouse were established successful. To further MTA1 research has laid a good research model.

Abstract:Objective To develop a rapid, sensitive and specific assay based on Taqman Probe real-time PCR to quantitate the proviral load of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Method A 796bp specific fragment was amplified with RT-PCR, then cloned into pMD19T vector to construct a recombinant plasmid pMD SlVgag,which was used as SIV proviral DNA standards of this QPCR method. The QPCR system was optimized by using serial dilution of standards,and the sensitivity, specificity, repeatability and quantitation range of the method were also evaluated. Result The quantitative standard curve from 107 copies/well to 102 copies/well serial diluted plasmid DNAs showed that they had good linear correlation, the lowest limit of the standard curve reached 2x102 copies/well, the correlation (r>0.999). And coefficient of variability from 25 samples was below 1% (CV<1%). Conclusion The method showed high sensitivity, specificity and stability and will be used to quantify the SIV proviral DNA.

Abstract:[Abstract] Objective: To study the toxicity of intravenous injection of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in C57/BL6J mice with repeated administrations. Methods: 32 SPF C57/BL6J mice were randomly divided into negative control group and HUMSC transplantation group, of equal gender. HUMSCs were isolated and subsequently cultured through 5 passages in vitro. 2?06 HUMSCs were injected each mice of transplantation group via tail vein once 1 week for 4 weeks, and the equal quantity PBS were injected to control group mice. Mice were euthanatized on the day of 1 week (8 mice per group) and 4 weeks(all survived mice) after the last treatment following the schedule. Toxicity was evaluated by clinical observations, pathology (blood cell counts, clinical biochemistry), immunologic consequences, visceral organs weight and anatomic pathology. Results:No significant difference in hematological and biochemical parameters between HUMSC transplantation group and control group (P > 0.05). There was also no significant change in organ weight or organ coefficient between the two groups(P > 0.05). There was no significant change in the subpopulation of T-cells (the percentage of CD3, CD4, CD8 T cells, and the ratio of CD4 and CD8 T cells). HUMSC transplantation group did not show any histopathological change in the viscera organs compared to control group. Conclusion:Results have suggested that intravenous injection of HUMSCs in C57/BL6J mice with repeated administrations is safe and feasible. No side effects and immune response were found in recipients.

Abstract:Abstract: Objective To establish a method to implant the microdialysis probe into rabbit’s knee joint capsule, and apply the method for pharmacokinetics study in knee joint fluid of rabbit. Method The microdialysis probe were implanted in rabbit’s knee joint capsule with the help of syringe needle and guide catheter, and the position of the probe was verified by X-ray. Sinomenine was subject in the pharmacokinetics study, HPLC-MS was used to test the drug concentration in blood and knee joint fluid. Results The membrane window of the microdialysis probe was in rabbit’s knee joint capsule, and the method to implant the microdialysis probe was applied for pharmacokinetics study successfully. Conclusion The method to implant the microdialysis probe was established, and microdialysis has evident advantages in pharmacokinetics study.

Abstract:Objective To study effects of captopril on cardiac function and structure in the experimental type 2 diabetic cardiomyopathy (T2DC) rat model. Methods The experimental type 2 DC model rats were induced by feeding with high sucrose-fat diet and intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection with 30 mg/kg of streptozotocin. The model rats were intragastric given with captopril at the dose of 45 mg/kg for six months totally. At the thirteenth week, the parameters of cardiac output (CO), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), the maximum rate of myocardial contraction (+dp/dtmax) and the maximum rate of myocardial diastole (-dp/dtmax) were detected using MP150 polygraph physiological signal recorder to evaluate cardiac function. The thickness of interventricular septal (IST) and left ventricular wall (LVWT) was measured to assess cardiac structure. Levels of fasting blood sugar (i.e., fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)), blood lipid (i.e., total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG)) and myocardial non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and creatine kinase (CK) were determined by ultraviolet spectrophtometric method. The genes expression of cardiac peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α (PPAR α) and glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) mRNA were detected by real-time PCR method. Results When compared with the drug-untreated T2DC rat model, the parameters of LVSP, +dp/dtmax, absolute value of -dp/dtmax and CO were significantly increased by 15%, 77%, 52% and 54%, respectively, after treated with 45 mg/kg of captopril. Meanwhile, the value of IST was decreased by 40% after treatment of captopril in T2DC rats. Levels of plasma HbA1c and myocardial NEFA were remarkably decreased by 31% and 24%, when compared with T2DC group. Furthermore, expression of PPAR α was significantly decreased while GLUT4 mRNA increased, when compared with drug-untreated model rats. Conclusion Captopril treatment could effectively attenuate the diastolic and systolic dysfunction and inhibit the cardiac hypertrophy in experimental type 2 diabetic cardiomyopathy rats, and the therapeutic mechanism might be relate to mediating energy metabolism and lowering lipid accumulation in the heart.