Abstract:Experimental autoimmune myocarditis(EAM) animal models have played very important role in the research on mechanism, diagnosis and treatment of myocarditis. This article summarizes the establishment and evaluation of EAM models induced by myocardial autoantigen, myocardial autoantigen epitope, activated autoimmune cell and lactobacillus cell wall extract, which clarifies characteristics and evaluation methods of various models and provides an effective basis for objective establishment of EAM models.

Abstract:心肌炎是一种由多种致病因素所引起的复杂疾病。急性或慢性感染性心肌炎是由病毒、细菌、支原体或真菌所引起的心肌炎症。其中，病毒性心肌炎最为常见。肠道病毒和腺病毒所引起的心肌炎约占临床病例的20％-50％。因此，本文对病毒性心肌炎的发病机制进行了总结。病毒性心肌炎造成的心脏损伤主要有三种发病机制：（1）病毒的感染和复制直接导致的心肌损伤；（2）免疫反应；（3）生化机制。