Objective To build up a steady and credible animal model with verging on clinic pathological state of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods Ten China swine were divided into two groups (A and B, 5 each). Group A was treated by injecting polyacrylamide hydrogel from exterior. Group B was treated by injecting polyacrylamide hydrogel from interior. EEG, oro-nasal airflow, snoring, chest respiration, abdomen respiration and oxygen-saturation were recorded by PSG after operation. Examination was repeated one week later. CT was done two weeks later. Animals were sacrificed three month later and prepared for examination by light microscopy. Results All animals showed apnea or hypopnea and decreased in SaO 2 after operation. There was no difference between groups. Apnea duration and apnea index in all animals were increased significantly and SaO 2 decreased significantly one week later. The changes in animals of group B were more obvious. As for result of CT examination, there was stenosis in some degree at faucial cavity in animals of group A and obvious stenosis at faucial cavity in animals of group B. Under light microscopy, connective tissue pellicle comprising elastic and collagen could be seen at the exterior of polyacrylamide hydrogel. Conclusions This chronic animal model of OSA in China swine is steady and credible. It verges on clinic pathological state and can be reduplicated. It accords with medical ethnics and has a very slight trauma to the animal. The model can be applied to investigate pathogenesis, pathophysiology and therapeutics of sleep apnea syndrome(SAS) extensively.