ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of neuro-immuno-endocrine system of rats in sub-health state.MethodsThirty-six male SPF Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups:multi-factor group (MF), multifactor treatment group (MFT), warm water swimming group (WS), sleep deficiency group (SD), purely constraint group (PC) and control group (C), six animals in each group. Respectively, using warm water swimming, dietary restrictions, sleep deprivation and constraint to establish sub-health rat models, and daily orally administered 300 mg/kg anti-aging tablet in the MFT group. At 5 days after modeling, the levels of serum 5-HT, DA, T3, T4, T, CORT, ACTH, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ and T lymphocyte subsets were detected, and changes of T and B lymphocyte proliferation and NK cell activity in the spleen were also determined. Results(1) Compared with the control group, ① Serum 5-HT in the MF group was significantly reduced (P<0.05), while 5-HT in the WS and PC groups was significantly increased (P<0.01), and the serum DA content in the SD and PC groups was significantly decreased (P<0.05). At the same time, the serum T3,T4, CORT and ACTH contents in each sub-health model rats were significantly increased (P<0.01), T/C ratio was significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the serum T in the SD group was significantly lowered (P<0.05); ② Sserum IL-8 content in the MF group was significantly reduced (P<0.01), while the serum IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and IFN-γ levels in the WS and PC groups, and IL-1β, IL-2 and IL-6 levels in the SD group were all significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the lymphocyte proliferation and T lymphocyte subsets CD₃₊, CD₄₊, CD₄₊/CD₈₊ ratio and NK cell activity were significantly reduced in all sub-health model rats (P<0.05, P<0.01). (2) Compared with the MF group, the administration of anti-aging tablets induced significantly increased serum DA content in the MFT group (P<0.05), and significantly improved the T lymphocyte subsets CD₃₊, CD₄₊, CD₄₊/CD₈₊ ratio (P<0.01), and lowered serum CORT content. ConclusionsSub-health state can lead to imbalances of the rat HPA axis, excessive cortisol release, endocrine disorders, reduced lymphocyte function and immune inhibition, while anti-aging tablets have anti-stress effects, enhancing T cell immune function and ameliorating emotional and endocrine disorders, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the sub-healthy physique.