Objective The aim of this study was to observe the anesthetic effect of xylazine hydrochloride Injection on Beagle dogs. Methods Anaesthetizing 30 healthy Beagles with xylazine hydrochloride injection, some physiological indexes of the dogs, such as body temperature (T), respiration (R), heart rate (P), and blood pressure (systolic pressure SBP, diastolic pressure DBP), were monitored. Results After using xylazine hydrochloride injection, the body temperature, respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, and peripheral vascular resistance were decreased in the Beagles. Conclusions Xylazine hydrochloride injection can keep a stable induction period, and has advantages including powerful and quick effect, simple method and operation, safe and insignificant toxicity and side effects,and has a better effect of anaesthesia.