Objective To help organizations choose the appropriate respiratory protective equipment for employees, we assessed the air dust and ammonia concentrations during the use of bedding filling and dumping equipment under normal working conditions. Methods Dust testing was performed in a bedding storage room where the bedding filling machine was in use and in a soil bedding dumping area where the dumping machine was in use. On a random working day, we collected samples based on standard method and conducted air ammonia testing using a handheld ammonia testing machine. Both employees and the equipment were under normal working conditions. The samples were collected three times at 30, 45, and 60 min after starting the equipment for filling and dumping. Air dust was tested in a laboratory based on a standard method . Results The test result showed that the average concentration of ammonia in the air was 0. 19 mg/ m³, and the average air dust concentrations were 0. 55 mg/ m³and 0. 27 mg/ m³in the bedding filling area and bedding dumping area, respectively. All concentrations were lower than the allowed working area hazard concentration. Conclusions The N95 mask might not be needed when working with bedding filling machines and bedding dumping machines. Reevaluation is suggested for all those using production units.