Pyroptosis is a novel type of programmed cell death characterized by the formation of micropores in the cell membrane by activated gasdermin D, which changes the osmotic pressure between the inside and outside of the cell. This eventually swells and ruptures the cell, and releases a large number of inflammatory factors and cytoplasmic contents, thereby participating in the inflammatory immune response. Studies have shown that pyroptosis is closely related to the occurrence and development of liver damage, and excessive pyroptosis aggravates liver damage. This article mainly reviews the different activation pathways of pyroptosis and its mechanisms of action in the liver injury microenvironment.